A review on two-dimensional (2D) and 2D-3D multidimensional perovskite solar cells: Perovskites structures, stability, and photovoltaic performances

Kim, Eun‐Bi; Akhtar, M. Shaheer; Shin, Hyung‐Shik; Ameen, Sadia; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja

doi:10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100405

Cited by 96 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Generally speaking, when a layered RP perovskite is obtained the growth of layers among the direction oriented parallel to the substrate, namely, along the (00l) family of planes, is strongly favored [ 42 ] and the first member of the RP family ( n = 1) adopts a structure with only one layer of corner‐sharing octahedra [ 43–45 ] . However, at growing number of layers, (0 k 0) orientation appears, [ 12 ] as it is clearly detected upon the present films. Indeed, for both studied samples with bulky cation posttreatment, low‐angle diffraction peaks appear at 2 θ = 7.15° and 15.33°, corresponding, respectively, to the (040) and (060) 2D planes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…On the other hand, recent advantages of 3D/2D perovskite phase heterostructures via surface treatment of the as‐deposited 3D perovskite layer by formation of a thin layer of 2D perovskite phase have been shown a great enhancement of both stability and PCE of the PSCs. [ 12,13 ] The 2D perovskite phase could be realized by replacing of one or more cations of the 3D perovskite with large bulky organic cations via different solution‐phase growth methods. [ 14 ] However, some technical issues such as controlling of the layer numbers, chemical composition, crystal size and thickness of the 2D perovskite layer have been limited their performance for realization of high‐efficiency large‐area modules through utilized scalable technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zero‐Waste Scalable Blade–Spin Coating as Universal Approach for Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition of 3D/2D Perovskite Films in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

et al. 2021

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a type of emerging thin‐film photovoltaics, which show a promising potential to catch a major portion of the near future market. However, hazardous waste‐generation and cost‐management of the industrial production are two key issues which need to be addressed in the commercialization process. Herein, a universal coating strategy is introduced by combination of blade and spin coating to realize a zero‐waste‐generation of the perovskite precursor materials for layer‐by‐layer deposition of 3D/2D perovskite films on large‐area substrates with high uniformity and reproducibility. This leads to eliminate 90% and 95% of the materials consumption compared to the conventional spin‐coating for deposition of the 3D and 2D perovskite layers, respectively, without changing of the ink precursor. Large‐area PSCs have been realized by blade–spin/blade coating approach reaching 19.55% photo‐conversion efficiency (PCE) over 0.92 cm2 masked area and >1000 h T90 thermal stability at 85 °C. Fabricated perovskite solar modules via blade–spin/blade deposition have been reached to 18.8% PCE over 10 cm2 active‐area. The economic analysis shows the potential for >90% decrease of the operational expenditure via break‐down of the material costs from 1.99 € m−2 in spin coating method to 0.18 € m−2 in blade–spin/blade coating approach.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero‐Waste Scalable Blade–Spin Coating as Universal Approach for Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition of 3D/2D Perovskite Films in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, in the case of cation mixtures it is rather unclear how far the criteria based on Goldschmidt factor and octahedral ratio can provide a definite answer regarding the realization of a 3D structure. Larger cations typically give rise to 2D-3D or columnar 1D structures that can be adjusted by the proportions of large/small cations [32]. A more detailed analysis can take into account structural properties of the cations and alternative definitions, e.g., the globularity factor [33] may be introduced.…”

Section: Mixed-cation Mixed-halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Opto-Electronic Properties and Stability of Mixed-Cation Mixed-Halide Perovskite Materials with Machine-Learning Implementation

et al. 2021

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The feasibility of mixed-cation mixed-halogen perovskites of formula AxA’1−xPbXyX’zX”3−y−z is analyzed from the perspective of structural stability, opto-electronic properties and possible degradation mechanisms. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations aided by machine-learning (ML) methods, the structurally stable compositions are further evaluated for the highest absorption and optimal stability. Here, the role of the halogen mixtures is demonstrated in tuning the contrasting trends of optical absorption and stability. Similarly, binary organic cation mixtures are found to significantly influence the degradation, while they have a lesser, but still visible effect on the opto-electronic properties. The combined framework of high-throughput calculations and ML techniques such as the linear regression methods, random forests and artificial neural networks offers the necessary grounds for an efficient exploration of multi-dimensional compositional spaces.

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“…Although significant progress in PSCs was enabled by engineering the perovskite composition [12,13] and microstructures [14,15], achieving high power conversion efficiency is not possible without optimizing other cell components. used as an ETL followed by a perovskite absorber and Spiro hough significant progress in PSCs was enabled by engineer tion [12,13] and microstructures [14,15], achieving high powe possible without optimizing other cell components. The ETL in PSCs transports electrons generated from the serves as a blocking layer to hinder direct contact between th the layer should be pinhole free to prevent the recombination front electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Thickness of Compact TiO2 Electron Transport Layer on the Performance of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

2021

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In recent years, lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to their exceptional properties and fast-growing enhancement for solar energy harvesting efficiency. One of the fundamental aspects of the architecture of perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) is the electron transport layer (ETL), which also acts as a barrier for holes. In this work, the influence of compact TiO2 ETL on the performance of planar heterojunction solar cells based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite was investigated. ETLs were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates from a titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) precursor solution using the spin-coating method with changing precursor concentration and centrifugation speed. It was found that the thickness and continuity of ETLs, investigated between 0 and 124 nm, strongly affect the photovoltaic performance of PSCs, in particular short-circuit current density (JSC). Optical and topographic properties of the compact TiO2 layers were investigated as well.

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A review on two-dimensional (2D) and 2D-3D multidimensional perovskite solar cells: Perovskites structures, stability, and photovoltaic performances

Cited by 96 publications

References 173 publications

Zero‐Waste Scalable Blade–Spin Coating as Universal Approach for Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition of 3D/2D Perovskite Films in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

Zero‐Waste Scalable Blade–Spin Coating as Universal Approach for Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition of 3D/2D Perovskite Films in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

Investigation of Opto-Electronic Properties and Stability of Mixed-Cation Mixed-Halide Perovskite Materials with Machine-Learning Implementation

The Influence of the Thickness of Compact TiO2 Electron Transport Layer on the Performance of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

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