A Review on Tetrabromobisphenol A: Human Biomonitoring, Toxicity, Detection and Treatment in the Environment

Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a known endocrine disruptor employed in a range of consumer products and has been predominantly found in different environments through industrial processes and in human samples. In this review, we aimed to summarize published scientific evidence on human biomonitoring, toxic effects and mode of action of TBBPA in humans. Interestingly, an overview of various pretreatment methods, emerging detection methods, and treatment methods was elucidated. Studies on exposure routes in humans, a combination of detection methods, adsorbent-based treatments and degradation of TBBPA are in the preliminary phase and have several limitations. Therefore, in-depth studies on these subjects should be considered to enhance the accurate body load of non-invasive matrix, external exposure levels, optimal design of combined detection techniques, and degrading technology of TBBPA. Overall, this review will improve the scientific comprehension of TBBPA in humans as well as the environment, and the breakthrough for treating waste products containing TBBPA.

The Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A Multi-Biomarker Approach

“…Nonetheless, we must consider TBBPA bioaccumulation in the marine biota. While some authors reported moderate TBBPA bioaccumulation [79], others stated that this compound is rapidly absorbed and accumulates in several aquatic species [80]. The potential for trophic transfer and bioamplification should also be emphasised as a risk to the aquatic ecosystem [13].…”

Proinflammatory microglial response is a common mechanism of Aroclor 1254- and Tetrabromobisphenol-A-induced neurotoxicity in immature chronically exposed rats

“…The dominant environmental pollutants include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Despite the decline in production and use of these highly toxic compounds, they still pose a health problem due to their high persistence in the environment [27]. Significant amounts of BFRs have spread throughout the world, even to West Africa [6] and the polar regions [29].…”

Insight into Tetrabromobisphenol A‐Associated Liver Transcriptional Landscape via Single Cell RNA Sequencing

“…[7] Because of the wide distribution of TBBPA, its potential health risks have drawn increasing attention, and its toxicity has been explored in multiple studies by various cells and animal models. [1,2,8] It is reported that TBBPA exerts reproductive toxicity, [9] neurotoxicity, [10] and promote inflammatory response. [11,12] Because the liver is an important metabolism organ and is linked to a variety of liver diseases, its liver toxicity has raised concerns.…”

“…Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is one of the most frequently used brominated flame retardants, accounting for over 60% of the total brominated flame‐retardant consumption. [ 1,2 ] As a substitute for polybrominated diphenyl ethers, TBBPA has been widely used in multiple products, such as plastics, textiles, furniture, and electronic equipment, as well as the synthesis of other flame retardants. Notably, TBBPA is present in >70% of electrical and electronic appliances.…”