A Review on Resistance Mechanisms in Bacterial Biofilm Formations

Rodis, Nikiforos; Tsapadikou, Vasiliki Kalouda; Potsios, Charalampos; Xaplanteri, Panagiota

doi:10.9734/bpi/rdmmr/v3/4469f

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Quorum sensing systems only work if there is a sufficient number of bacterial cells in a given area, i.e., it is density dependent. Through the mechanism, it becomes possible to increase the pathogenicity of infections, the development of antibiotic resistance, the initiation of inflammatory processes in the body and the continuous increase of the biofilm [ 11 , 12 ]. As a result, the development of antibiotic resistance is accelerated [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, bacterial biofilms show little response to antibiotic treatments [ 15 ]. Biofilm-forming bacteria cause chronic infections with persistent tissue damage [ 11 , 16 ]. According to estimates, 65–70% of bacterial infections are associated with biofilm formation [ 11 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilm-forming bacteria cause chronic infections with persistent tissue damage [ 11 , 16 ]. According to estimates, 65–70% of bacterial infections are associated with biofilm formation [ 11 , 17 ]. The biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus epidermidis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are common on the surface of chronic wounds [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Unifloral Honeys against Bacteria Isolated from Chronic Wound Infections

et al. 2023

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Honey is known as an alternative remedy for the treatment of wounds. To evaluate the potential of five Hungarian honey types against wound-associated bacteria, in vitro microbiological assays were conducted on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined with the broth macrodilution method, and biofilm degradation capacity was tested with a crystal violet assay. To understand the underlying mechanisms, the effects of honey treatments were assessed on bacterial membrane integrity and quorum sensing (QS). The highest antibacterial activity, indicated by the lowest MIC values, as well as the highest biofilm inhibition rates and membrane disruption, was displayed by chestnut and linden honeys. The most sensitive bacterium was S. epidermidis. Bacterial membrane degradation took place 40 min after treatment with honey solutions of at least a 40% concentration. Each honey sample exhibited anti-QS activity, which was most pronounced in the case of chestnut honey. It was concluded that the antibacterial, biofilm-inhibiting and anti-QS activities of linden and chestnut honeys were superior to those of acacia, goldenrod and milkweed honeys. In addition to the floral source, the antibacterial effect of honey is influenced by the microbial species treated. The use of honey in wound treatment can be justified by its diverse antibacterial mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Unifloral Honeys against Bacteria Isolated from Chronic Wound Infections

et al. 2023

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“…33 Besides the multicellular nature of biofilm, the partial or slow drug penetration and development of a micro-gradient in the concentration of the main metabolite may result in the formation of different phases, sluggish grower cell phase or stationary cell phase, adaptive stress response exhibited by some microbial cells, and differentiation of a little snippet of these cells to an extremely preserved antimicrobial resistant 'persister-state' are the four hypothesized resistance mechanisms of the biofilm community. 34 The delivery of inactivated or sequestered antibiotics by reaction or binding to the interior of the biofilm can be decelerated completely. The interaction of the biofilm matrix polymers (negatively charged) with the aminoglycosides (positively charged) can also decrease the penetration of these substances.…”

Section: Evolution Of Antibiotic Resistance In Stec Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Factors of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli

Sajeena,

Kalyanikutty

2024

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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The Shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) are bacterial enteropathogens responsible for some intensive clinical syndromes such as bloody diarrhoea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and renal failure. These pathotypes come under the Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) group. Monogastric farm animals such as pigs, horses, chickens, ducks, turkeys and aquatic animals like shellfish, fishes, and wild animals can act as major spillover hosts of STEC strains and could serve as the potential source of infection. The pathogen is notorious as a quickly emergent strain with acquired characteristics like different variants of Shigatoxin, many antibiotic degrading enzymes, Intimin, Enterohemolysin, Auto-agglutination Adhesins, Catalase-peroxidase, Zinc metalloprotease, Subtilase cytotoxin, tolerance to multiple adverse conditions, and biofilm formation. The bacteria are known for its long survival in different adverse physical-chemical conditions. The formation of biofilm is one of the major factors responsible for their persistence. Multidrug resistance is another related trait contributing to the high mortality rate of these strains. STEC strains are good candidates for studying the emergence of pathogens with acquired characteristics like genes. In this article, various virulent traits and multidrug resistance that enabled the strain to emerge as a serious public health menace were reviewed.

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“…Staphylococcus epidermidis is also a Gram-positive, opportunistic pathogen that can cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients and neonates, mostly via medical devices, including catheters and other surgical implants and prostheses [ 13 ]. Mixed biofilms formed on the surface of wounds by the bacteria mentioned above are extremely resistant to antibiotic therapy [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chestnut Honey Is Effective against Mixed Biofilms at Different Stages of Maturity

Koloh,

Balázs,

Nagy-Radványi

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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The irresponsible overuse of antibiotics has increased the occurrence of resistant bacterial strains, which represents one of the biggest patient safety risks today. Due to antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in bacteria, it is becoming increasingly difficult to suppress the bacterial strains responsible for various chronic infections. Honey was proven to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm development, offering an alternative solution in the treatment of resistant infections and chronic wounds. Our studies included chestnut honey, valued for its high antibacterial activity, and the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and S. epidermidis, known to form multi-species biofilm communities. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of chestnut honey were determined for each bacterial strain. Afterwards, the mixed bacterial biofilms were treated with chestnut honey at different stages of maturity (incubation times: 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 h). The extent of biofilm inhibition was measured with a crystal violet assay and demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As the incubation time increased and the biofilm became more mature, inhibition rates decreased gradually. The most sensitive biofilm was the combination MRSA-S. epidermidis, with a 93.5% inhibition rate after 2 h of incubation. Our results revealed that chestnut honey is suitable for suppressing the initial and moderately mature stages of mixed biofilms.

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A Review on Resistance Mechanisms in Bacterial Biofilm Formations

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Unifloral Honeys against Bacteria Isolated from Chronic Wound Infections

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Unifloral Honeys against Bacteria Isolated from Chronic Wound Infections

Pathogenic Factors of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli

Chestnut Honey Is Effective against Mixed Biofilms at Different Stages of Maturity

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