A review on potential roles of vitamins in incidence, progression, and improvement of multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease, with unknown etiology. Vitamins, as important micronutrients playing different roles in body, seem to be important in MS pathogenesis. In vitro, in vivo and human studies, supports the protective role of some vitamins in MS occurrence or progression. Current study reviews recent insights and reports about the importance of vitamins in MS incidence or progression. In accordance, the importance of all water and fat-soluble vitamins in MS pathogenesis based on observational studies in human population and their role in the function of immune system as well as possible therapeutic opportunities are discussed in depth throughout this review.

Identification of fat-soluble vitamins deficiency using artificial neural network

“…We obtain the target based on the rules to find out the initial status of the vitamin deficiency. The target was then represented into zero (0) and one (1). The result is displayed in Table 3.…”

“…Vitamins are organic compounds substance, acquired from natural foods or dietary supplements, required in small amounts, essential to promote growth, reproduction, and health [1]. There are 13 vitamins and classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble.…”

Protective association of VDR gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with multiple sclerosis patients in Egyptian population

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immunoinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease caused by autoimmune reaction to the central nervous system (CNS) [1]. These inflammatory insults result in MS symptoms such as optic nerve damage and motor difficulty [2].…”

Bolu Yöresindeki Multipl Skleroz Hastalarında Görülen Dermatolojik Bulgular

“…İnflamasyonla seyreden bu hastalığın başka bir otoimmun hastalık olan büllöz pemfigoidle birlikte görüldüğü birçok vaka bildirilmiştir ki, iki hastalık arasındaki muhtemel bir bağlantı tartışılmaktadır (10). Genetik faktörlerin yanısıra çevresel faktörlerin de etyolojide rol oynadığı bu hastalıkta başta D vitamini olmak üzere B12 vitamini ve folik asit eksikliğinin de etyolojide rol oynayabileceği gösterilmiştir (11) (33,34). Vitamin B12 eksikliğinin de MS ile ilişkisi olabileceğini göz önüne aldığımızda yedi hastamızda gördüğümüz fissure dil ve beş hastamızda gördüğümüz hiperpigmentasyon bu bağlantı ile ilişkili olabilir diye düşünmekteyiz.…”