A review on plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their characterization and applications

Abstract

For decades, silver has been used as a non-toxic inorganic antimicrobial agent. Silver has a lot of potential in a variety of biological/chemical applications, particularly in the form of nanoparticles (NPs). Eco-friendly synthesis approach for NPs are becoming more common in nanobiotechnology, and the demand for biological synthesis methods is growing, with the goal of eliminating hazardous and polluting agents. Cultures of bacteria, fungi, and algae, plant extracts, and other biomaterials are commonly used for NP synthesis in the ‘green synthesis’ process. Plant-based green synthesis is a simple, fast, dependable, cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and one-step method that has a significant advantage over microbial synthesis due to the lengthy process of microbial isolation and pure culture maintenance. In this report, we focussed on phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their characterization using various techniques such as spectroscopy (UV–vis, FTIR), microscopy (TEM, SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and other particle analysis. The potential applications of AgNPs in a variety of biological and chemical fields are discussed.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Populi gemmae Extract: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, Antimicrobial Potential and In Vitro Antiproliferative Assessment

“…Their synthesis method plays an essential role in the preparation of less toxic AgNPs. Throughout time, the chemical and physical methods have exhibited some disadvantages (abundant energy requirement, high temperature and pressure, toxic solvents, harmful by-products, high cost and so on) toward the green method [ 58 ]. Green synthesis is a friendly method to the environment, in which plant phytocompounds act as capping, reducing and stabilizer agents, to controlling the size and prevent agglomeration of the resulted biocompatible nanoparticles.…”

Leucophyllum frutescens mediated synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles for catalytic dye degradation

“…The phytogenic nanoparticles with catalytic activity can be further coupled with solvent impregnated resin (SIR) for their potential application like removal and sensing of refractory pollutants such as dye, metal ions and phenolic compounds from industrial effluents ( Tamang et al, 2022 ). Additionally, these nanoparticles can be functionalized with bioactive principles, drugs, targeting ligands and/or contrast agents for extending their applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, tissue engineering and theranostic agents ( Chandraker et al, 2021b ; Ghosh et al, 2022b ).…”

Mass production of morin‐stabilized silver nanoparticles: Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities

“…The green route for the synthesis of AgNPs using plants emerged as a facile, inexpensive, and eco-friendly alternative to chemical and physical techniques (Rahman et al, 2022). Many reports have been conducted on the production of AgNPs using various plants such as tea, grape, aloe vera, rice, mentha, neem, and basil (Chandraker et al, 2021;Huq et al, 2022;Vanlalveni et al, 2021). Among the biomolecules present in plant extracts, polyphenols (including flavonoids) are believed to play a major role in the reduction of metal ions into nanoparticles (Alowaiesh et al, 2023;Swilam & Nematallah, 2020;Terenteva et al, 2015).…”