A review on in‐mold electronics technology

Beltrão, Mariana; Duarte, F. M.; Viana, J. C.; Paulo, V O de Toledo

doi:10.1002/pen.25918

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…They can also measure parameters related to the surrounding environment, such as location coordinates, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure. These flexible sensors with different functions and shapes provide an important tool for solving the problems of sensing measurements in health, medical, sports, industrial and military fields [ 64 , 65 , 66 ]. For example, Figure 2 shows a sports T-shirt [ 67 ] that can help athletes monitor the training of specific parts of the body or muscle groups.…”

Section: The Research Progress On 3d Printing In Clothingmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing Technology for Smart Clothing: A Topic Review

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2022

Materials

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Clothing is considered to be an important element of human social activities. With the increasing maturity of 3D printing technology, functional 3D printing technology can realize the perfect combination of clothing and electronic devices while helping smart clothing to achieve specific functions. Furthermore, the application of functional 3D printing technology in clothing not only provides people with the most comfortable and convenient wearing experience, but also completely subverts consumers’ perception of traditional clothing. This paper introduced the progress of the application of 3D printing from the aspect of traditional clothing and smart clothing through two mature 3D printing technologies normally used in the field of clothing, and summarized the challenges and prospects of 3D printing technology in the field of smart clothing. Finally, according to the analysis of the gap between 3D-printed clothing and traditionally made clothing due to the material limitations, this paper predicted that the rise in intelligent materials will provide a new prospect for the development of 3D-printed clothing. This paper will provide some references for the application research of 3D printing in the field of smart clothing.

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Section: The Research Progress On 3d Printing In Clothingmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing Technology for Smart Clothing: A Topic Review

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…However, the surface energy of molds in the phase-switching process is modified through functional group control in the synthesis step to form a suitable surface for the desired material. 13,14 Therefore, the phase-switching process provides selectivity according to the target materials through control of the surface energy of the mold, which can transfer materials that are difficult to apply to the other transfer printing process. The phase-switching process for small-molecule Y6 NFA was thought to be difficult due to the disturbance of the rough surface due to solubility in solvents.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferred Acceptor-Domain Positioning via a Phase-Switched Bulk Heterojunction for Self-Powered Photodetector and Photovoltaic Applications

Lim

Kim

Jang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this study, a phase-switching process is introduced to a PM6:Y6-based active layer to implement a uniform surface with preferred Y6 acceptor-domain positioning and to minimize solution loss owing to the use of medium molds. By designing the process to fit the surface properties of a small-molecule Y6 acceptor-based bulk heterojunction, a sustainable and highly reproducible phase-switched active layer that can be formed at the desired location without wasting materials is successfully formed over an area of 2.25 cm2. It improved charge transport ability and suppressed surface defects owing to a molecular orientation favorable for efficient charge separation and transport. Furthermore, adding chloronaphthalene induced the domain growth of Y6 acceptors with dense molecular packing, which enhanced the effects of the phase-switching process. Uniformly distributed performance in the phase-switched active layer via the phase-switching process was demonstrated in fabricated large active-area devices. Furthermore, the process was utilized in a PM6:Y6-based self-powered photodetector, which improved detectivity owing to the suppression of the dark current density. Therefore, the phase-switching process is an important technology for forming high-quality thin films composed of small-molecule acceptors for efficient self-powered photodetector and photovoltaic applications.

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“…In recent years, the integration of electronics in injection-molded parts to manufacture “smart” mechanical, durable and light products cost-effectively has gained traction [ 1 , 2 ]. One way is to adapt the in-mold decoration (IMD) process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Optimization of Injection Overmolding Structural Electronics with Regard to Film Distortion

et al. 2022

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The integration of structural electronics in injection-molded parts is a challenging step. The films—comprising of laminated stacks with electronics—are exposed to shear stresses and elevated temperatures by the molten thermoplastic. Hence, molding settings have a significant impact on the successful, damage-free manufacturing of such parts. In this paper, test films with polycarbonate (PC) sheets as outer and two different thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) as middle layers incorporating conductive tracks on a flexible printed circuit board (flexPCB) are manufactured and overmolded with PC. Parameter studies investigating the influence of the melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed and used TPU layer were performed. The molded parts were inspected visually and compared with a numerical simulation using injection molding software. A shear distortion factor for the TPU layer was derived based on the simulations that linked the shear stresses with the injection time and the softening (melting) of the TPU. The distortion of the films was found to reduce with higher melt temperature, lower mold temperature and faster injection speed. Films using the TPU with the higher melting temperature yielded significantly better results. Moreover, distortion on the films reduced with the increasing distance to the gate and a larger cavity thickness was found to be beneficial. All those relations could be correlated with the shear distortion factor.

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A review on in‐mold electronics technology

Cited by 22 publications

References 100 publications

3D Printing Technology for Smart Clothing: A Topic Review

3D Printing Technology for Smart Clothing: A Topic Review

Preferred Acceptor-Domain Positioning via a Phase-Switched Bulk Heterojunction for Self-Powered Photodetector and Photovoltaic Applications

Process Optimization of Injection Overmolding Structural Electronics with Regard to Film Distortion

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