A review on hyphenation of droplet microfluidics to separation techniques: From instrumental conception to analytical applications for limited sample volumes

Zohouri, Delaram; Lienard--Mayor, Théo; Obeid, Sameh; Taverna, Myriam; Mai, Thanh Duc

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2023.342090

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The potential for higher-throughput injection has been demonstrated with a commercial HPLC-style injector that has been interfaced to solid-phase extraction-ESI-MS for analysis rates up to 10 s per sample. − Numerous applications have been demonstrated with this system. − While clearly powerful and filling a need, it does not provide chromatographic separation, relies on high flow rates, and consumes 10 μL of sample per assay. Limited attention has been devoted to the potential utilization of droplet microfluidics for injections in liquid chromatography . In this work, a high-throughput droplet microfluidic injection for capillary LC and demonstration of its application to screening organic reactions is described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited attention has been devoted to the potential utilization of droplet microfluidics for injections in liquid chromatography. 25 In this work, a high-throughput droplet microfluidic injection for capillary LC and demonstration of its application to screening organic reactions is described. Previously, we demonstrated that segmented flow could be used to enable rapid injections for HPLC.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Throughput Capillary Liquid Chromatography Using a Droplet Injection and Application to Reaction Screening

Xin,

Foster,

Makey

et al. 2024

Anal. Chem.

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The cycle time of a standard liquid chromatography (LC) system is the sum of the time for the chromatographic run and the autosampler injection sequence. Although LC separation times in the 1−10 s range have been demonstrated, injection sequences are commonly >15 s, limiting throughput possible with LC separations. Further, such separations are performed on relatively large bore columns requiring flow rates of ≥5 mL/min, thus generating large volumes of mobile phase waste when used for large scale screening and increasing the difficulty in interfacing to mass spectrometry. Here, a droplet injector system was established that replaces the autosampler with a four-port, two-position valve equipped with a 20 nL internal loop interfaced to a syringe pump and a three-axis positioner to withdraw sample droplets from a well plate. In the system, sample and immiscible fluid are pulled alternately from a well plate into a capillary and then through the injection valve. The valve is actuated when sample fills the loop to allow sequential injection of samples at high throughput. Capillary LC columns with 300 μm inner diameter were used to reduce the consumption of mobile phase and sample. The system achieved 96 separations of 20 nL droplet samples containing 3 components in as little as 8.1 min with 5-s cycle time. This system was coupled to a mass spectrometer through an electrospray ionization source for high-throughput chemical reaction screening.

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