A review on freeze-thaw action and weathering of rocks

Deprez, Maxim; Kock, Tim De; Schutter, Geert De; Cnudde, Veerle

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103143

Cited by 153 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 226 publications

(367 reference statements)

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“…Progressive weakening of rock slopes acts on different time scales including long-term stress-release fracture propagation driven by deglacial unloading 14 , 15 (static fatigue), repeated earthquake-induced loading 7 (seismic fatigue) and seasonal pore pressure increase 16 (hydromechanical fatigue). In contrast to laboratory tests and in-situ rock slope monitoring of static and hydromechanical fatigue mechanisms 17 , direct investigations of seismic fatigue are scarce 18 and difficult due to long reoccurrence time and the unpredictability of severe earthquakes, and therefore the role of seismicity in controlling large rockslides remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic control of large prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps

et al. 2021

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Large prehistoric rockslides tend to occur within spatio-temporal clusters suggesting a common trigger such as earthquake shaking or enhanced wet periods. Yet, trigger assessment remains equivocal due to the lack of conclusive observational evidence. Here, we use high-resolution lacustrine paleoseismology to evaluate the relation between past seismicity and a spatio-temporal cluster of large prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps. Temporal and spatial coincidence of paleoseismic evidence with multiple rockslides at ~4.1 and ~3.0 ka BP reveals that severe earthquakes (local magnitude ML 5.5–6.5; epicentral intensity I0 VIII¼–X¾) have triggered these rockslides. A series of preceding severe earthquakes is likely to have progressively weakened these rock slopes towards critical state. These findings elucidate the role of seismicity in preparing and triggering large prehistoric rockslides in the European Alps, where rockslides and earthquakes typically occur in clusters. Such integration of multiple datasets in other formerly glaciated regions with low to moderate seismicity will improve our understanding of catastrophic rockslide drivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic control of large prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps

et al. 2021

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“…e water in these microdefects freezes into ice when the temperature around the rock decreases below 0°C, causing volume expansion, while it melts into water when the temperature rises above 0°C, in which progress part of the water will migrate [24,25]. Under the repeated action of freeze and thaw, the water in the rock continuously goes through phase transitions and migrates, resulting in the expansion, connection, and destruction of these microdefects in the rock, which ultimately manifests as the deterioration of the macromechanical properties of rock [26,27]. erefore, the degradation of the rock macroscopic mechanical properties can be used to characterize the freezethaw damage variable.…”

Section: Derivation Of the Damage Constitutivementioning

confidence: 99%

A Damage Constitutive Model of Rock Subjected to Freeze‐Thaw Cycles Based on Lognormal Distribution

Lin

Liang

Chen

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The constitutive model of rock is closely connected with the mechanical properties of rock. To achieve a more accurate quantitative analysis of the mechanical properties of rock after the action of freeze-thaw cycles, it is necessary to establish the constitutive models of rock subjected to freeze-thaw cycles from the view of rock damage. Based on the assumption of rock couple damage, this study established a statistical damage constitutive model of rock subjected to freeze-thaw cycles by combining the lognormal distribution, which is commonly used in engineering reliability analysis, and the strain strength theory. Then, the coordinates and derivative at the peak of the stress-strain curve of the rock after the action of freeze-thaw cycles were obtained through experiments to solve the statistical distribution parameters με and S of the model, whereafter, the theoretical curves by the established model were compared with the experimental curves to verify the validity of it, which shows a great agreement. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the statistical distribution parameters was implemented. The results indicate that με reflects the strength of the rock, which shows a positive relation, and S stands for the brittleness of the rock, which shows a negative relation.

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“…The vegetation on top of the active layer has been found to influence soil chemistry, and most important for erosion processes, the soil's water content and temperature profiles [38]. The cycles of thawing and freezing in the active layer are defining processes for the permafrost as well as an important cause of the weathering of rocks and other porous geomaterials [39]. Below the permafrost layer, a soil layer exists where temperature stays above freezing resulting in an unfrozen soil media.…”

Section: Permafrostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Modelling of Arctic Coastlines—Progress and Limitations

Korte

Gieschen

Stolle

et al. 2020

Water

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Permafrost coastlines represent a large portion of the world’s coastal area and these areas have become increasingly vulnerable in the face of climate change. The predominant mechanism of coastal erosion in these areas has been identified through several observational studies as thermomechanical erosion—a joint removal of sediment through the melting of interstitial ice (thermal energy) and abrasion from incoming waves (mechanical energy). However, further developments are needed looking how common design parameters in coastal engineering (such as wave height, period, sediment size, etc.) contribute to the process. This paper presents the current state of the art with the objective of establishing the necessary research background to develop a process-based approach to predicting permafrost erosion. To that end, an overarching framework is presented that includes all major, erosion-relevant processes, while delineating means to accomplish permafrost modelling in experimental studies. Preliminary modelling of generations zero and one models, within this novel framework, was also performed to allow for early conclusions as to how well permafrost erosion can currently be modelled without more sophisticated setups.

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A review on freeze-thaw action and weathering of rocks

Cited by 153 publications

References 226 publications

Seismic control of large prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps

Seismic control of large prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps

A Damage Constitutive Model of Rock Subjected to Freeze‐Thaw Cycles Based on Lognormal Distribution

Physical Modelling of Arctic Coastlines—Progress and Limitations

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