Abstract:Living beings have been devastated by environmental pollution, which has reached its peak. The disastrous pollution of the environment is in large part due to industrial wastes containing toxic pollutants. The widespread use of chromium (Cr (III)/Cr (VI)) in industries, especially tanneries, makes it one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants. Chromium pollution is widespread due to ineffective treatment methods. Bioremediation of chromium (Cr) using bacteria is very thoughtful due to its eco-friendly … Show more
“…In another study, edaphic cyanobacteria were tested for Cr remediation and it was found that these bacteria produce polysaccharides, glycoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and ionic functional groups that can coordinate with Cr and reduce its availability ( Cheung and Gu, 2007 ). Moreover, different Cr-tolerant bacteria including Bacillus , Enterobacter , Pseudomonas , and Streptomyces have been identified and they can remove the Cr by 50-90% ( Ramesh and Winkler, 2010 ; Bansal et al., 2019 ; Elahi and Rehman, 2019 ; Murthy et al., 2022 ). The study findings of Wen et al.…”
Section: Microbial Mediated Remediation Of Chromium Contaminated Soilsmentioning
Heavy metal pollution has become a serious concern across the globe due to their persistent nature, higher toxicity, and recalcitrance. These toxic metals threaten the stability of the environment and the health of all living beings. Heavy metals also enter the human food chain by eating contaminated foods and cause toxic effects on human health. Thus, remediation of HMs polluted soils is mandatory and it needs to be addressed at higher priority. The use of microbes is considered as a promising approach to combat the adverse impacts of HMs. Microbes aided in the restoration of deteriorated environments to their natural condition, with long-term environmental effects. Microbial remediation prevents the leaching and mobilization of HMs and they also make the extraction of HMs simple. Therefore, in this context recent technological advancement allowed to use of bioremediation as an imperative approach to remediate polluted soils. Microbes use different mechanisms including bio-sorption, bioaccumulation, bioleaching, bio-transformation, bio-volatilization and bio-mineralization to mitigate toxic the effects of HMs. Thus, keeping in the view toxic HMs here in this review explores the role of bacteria, fungi and algae in bioremediation of polluted soils. This review also discusses the various approaches that can be used to improve the efficiency of microbes to remediate HMs polluted soils. It also highlights different research gaps that must be solved in future study programs to improve bioremediation efficency.
“…In another study, edaphic cyanobacteria were tested for Cr remediation and it was found that these bacteria produce polysaccharides, glycoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and ionic functional groups that can coordinate with Cr and reduce its availability ( Cheung and Gu, 2007 ). Moreover, different Cr-tolerant bacteria including Bacillus , Enterobacter , Pseudomonas , and Streptomyces have been identified and they can remove the Cr by 50-90% ( Ramesh and Winkler, 2010 ; Bansal et al., 2019 ; Elahi and Rehman, 2019 ; Murthy et al., 2022 ). The study findings of Wen et al.…”
Section: Microbial Mediated Remediation Of Chromium Contaminated Soilsmentioning
Heavy metal pollution has become a serious concern across the globe due to their persistent nature, higher toxicity, and recalcitrance. These toxic metals threaten the stability of the environment and the health of all living beings. Heavy metals also enter the human food chain by eating contaminated foods and cause toxic effects on human health. Thus, remediation of HMs polluted soils is mandatory and it needs to be addressed at higher priority. The use of microbes is considered as a promising approach to combat the adverse impacts of HMs. Microbes aided in the restoration of deteriorated environments to their natural condition, with long-term environmental effects. Microbial remediation prevents the leaching and mobilization of HMs and they also make the extraction of HMs simple. Therefore, in this context recent technological advancement allowed to use of bioremediation as an imperative approach to remediate polluted soils. Microbes use different mechanisms including bio-sorption, bioaccumulation, bioleaching, bio-transformation, bio-volatilization and bio-mineralization to mitigate toxic the effects of HMs. Thus, keeping in the view toxic HMs here in this review explores the role of bacteria, fungi and algae in bioremediation of polluted soils. This review also discusses the various approaches that can be used to improve the efficiency of microbes to remediate HMs polluted soils. It also highlights different research gaps that must be solved in future study programs to improve bioremediation efficency.
“…Studies have shown that a concentration Cr(III) in culture medium and concentrations of Cr(VI) in soil limit the germination of seeds of plant species [ 3 ]. Likewise, it has been determined that Damage to DNA, in human being, may be caused by Cr (VI) at and Cr (III) at [ 4 ]. Fig.…”
“…The implementation of the aforementioned waste management strategy is particularly important regarding soils contaminated with chromium, including Cr(VI), whose strong oxidizing properties make it a cancerous and mutagenic element for living organisms, and which is therefore considered as a priority contaminant by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [27]. The major anthropogenic sources of this element in nature are electroplating; steel fireproofing; the broadly understood chemical industry, including the synthesis of chemicals for wood preservation, production of paints, textile dyes, glues, and catalysts [28,29]; and also tanning, which interferes severely with the natural environment [30].…”
One of the major challenges faced by contemporary agriculture is how to achieve better yields of crops and, consequently, higher biomass, even in unfavorable environmental conditions. This challenge corresponds to the assumptions of sustainable development, wherein it is envisaged that plant biomass should be used on a large scale for heat generation or conversion of biofuels. Keeping pace with observed trends, the following study was conducted in order to determine the effect of Cr(VI) on the net calorific value of Zea mays, to assess the impact of this element on soil enzymatic activity, and to identify the effectiveness of compost and humic acids in alleviating possible negative effects of Cr(VI) toxicity. These aims were pursued by setting up a pot experiment, in which soil either uncontaminated or contaminated with increasing doses of Cr(VI) of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg Cr kg−1 d.m. was submitted to biostimulation with compost and the preparation HumiAgra, a source of humic acids, and cropped with Zea mays. The plant height, yield, and net calorific value of the aerial parts of maize, as well as its root yield, were determined. Additionally, the activity of seven soil enzymes and the values of the impact indices of compost and HumiAgra relative to the analyzed parameters were determined. It was found that Cr(VI) decreased the amount of energy obtained from the plants by decreasing maize biomass, and additionally by distorting the biochemical balance of the soil. Dehydrogenases, urease, and arylsulfatase proved to be particularly sensitive to this element. It was demonstrated that HumiAgra was more effective than compost in mollifying the adverse effects of Cr(VI) on the activity of soil enzymes and, consequently, on the biomass of Zea mays.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
