A review on China's wind power accommodation in the background of “Internet+” strategy

Summary As the installed capacity of wind power continues to increase, the problem of curtailed wind power is becoming serious in China, especially in the northern region during the winter heating season. To solve the problem of wind‐heat conflict during the heating period in the Three North area, an electric boiler with thermal storage (EBTS) is installed at the end of the grid where wind power is difficult to accommodate and using curtailed wind power to supply heat promotes local accommodation. In this paper, a multi‐objective optimization model of wind power accommodation based on the wind power–EBTS system for heating is established. The goals of maximizing wind power accommodation, minimizing the number of times EBTS must be adjusted, and minimizing operating costs are presented, and a bi‐level optimization scheme is designed. An improved multi‐objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve these functions, and an optimal compromise solution from the generated Pareto solution set is filtered using the fuzzy membership method. Based on actual data from a demonstration project in China's Jilin Province, the simulation results verify that this method can effectively reduce operating costs and improve wind power accommodation.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel optimization model for combined wind power accommodation and electric boiler with thermal storage

Yang

Zhang

2019

“…As for the other national initiatives, again they emphasize the individual country's understanding of the topic. The United States also see innovative materials from nanotechnology in the “industrial internet.” “Smart Japan” predominantly focuses on robotics and its impact on society, and in contrasts with the manufacturing focus of industry 4.0, China's “internet+” includes the agricultural, financial, energy, and commerce sector . Given that we investigate the German industry, we focus solely on the term “industry 4.0” in the following sections.…”

Section: Overview Of Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Smart Japan" predominantly focuses on robotics and its impact on society, and in contrasts with the manufacturing focus of industry 4.0, China's "internet+" includes the agricultural, financial, energy, and commerce sector. [39][40][41] Given that we investigate the German industry, we focus solely on the term "industry 4.0" in the following sections.…”

Section: Overview Of Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of a Digital Industry 4.0 in a Renewable Energy System

Scharl

Praktiknjo

2019

Summary The transition to an intermittent energy production from renewable energy sources (RES) increases the complexity of providing reliable energy supply in Germany. Yet the growing number of RES impede the necessary effort to control the system. The introduction of digital or smart energy systems is often proclaimed as a logical next step towards coping with this rising complexity. It seems convenient that the manufacturing industry, as one of the major energy consumers, is currently also in a process of a digital transition, the fourth industrial revolution. This paper explores the current state of expert discourse on the role of a digitized industry as a potential enabler for the energy transition using Germany as a case study. For this purpose, we gathered qualitative data through semistructured interviews among industry managers and energy researchers. We identified the three major areas in the expert discourse of industry's future potentials: (1) increasing transparency in the energy system, (2) providing demand flexibility, and (3) increasing energy efficiency. In this paper, we address the internal barriers and explore industry's reluctance to interact with the energy system in order to initiate a transition.

“…Along with the development of energy policy, the European Union has also formulated relevant policies in the energy trading market, such as Directive 2011/83/EU Decree, which can protect the rights of energy consumers and further reflect the importance of consumers in the EI. In China, the government work report proposed the “Internet +” action plan in 2015, which greatly promoted the close combination of energy industry and the Internet, and clearly proposed to build “Internet +” smart energy and build a multienergy coordinated and complementary EI based on renewables such as solar energy and wind energy . During the year of 2014 to 2017, the Chinese government focused on deployment and planning in specific areas such as microgrid, biomass energy heating, solar power generation and heating, and electric vehicle, further promoting the coordinated and complementary development of various distributed energy sources, realizing the intelligent production and use of energy systems through advanced information technologies, and rapidly promoting the implementation of EI from concept to practice.…”

Section: Energy Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart dispatching for energy internet with complex cyber‐physical‐social systems: A parallel dispatch perspective

Cheng

2019

Summary Energy internet (EI) is a complex coupled multienergy system; it is essential to investigate its multienergy dispatching optimization issues. To this end, this paper first proposes a novel conception of smart dispatching for EI with a complex cyber‐physical‐social system (CPSS) network from the perspective of parallel dispatch, called parallel dispatching robot (PDR), and investigates the implementations of PDR based on smart artificial society (SAS) modeling. First, we introduce EI and describe the dispatching issues of EI. Second, we discuss several important concepts supporting the parallel dispatch conception of EI, including knowledge automation (KA), CPSS, and parallel machine learning (PML). On the basis of these, we elaborate the concept of parallel dispatch. Moreover, we construct a large closed‐loop feedback control framework of parallel dispatch for EI integrating a CPSS network based on KA and PML. Third, we establish an experimental platform for PDR research based on the proposed parallel dispatch framework. Fourth, we develop the PML‐based SAS models of a single PDR in centralized dispatching modes and group PDRs in decentralized dispatching modes to achieve crowd wisdom emergence and performance improvement in current cyber‐physical system frameworks of EI. Moreover, we design an external global closed loop for PDR to evaluate its operation stability. Lastly, we conduct a detailed discussion on PDR and offer some prospects for its engineering implementations. The biggest innovation of this paper lies in systematically proposing the smart dispatching concept and framework for complex CPSS‐based EI from the perspective of parallel dispatch and thoroughly investigating how to use SAS modeling to implement parallel dispatching and control for EI considering human and social factors, which is a major extension and theoretical improvement to existing single smart wide area robot concept and a preliminary attempt in investigating a shift from Energy 4.0 to Energy 5.0 in China.