A review on bath fluid flow stirring technologies in EAF steelmaking

Yang, Lingzhi; Hu, Hang; Yang, Zeshi; Xue, Botao; Guo, Yufeng; Wang, Shuai

doi:10.1007/s42243-021-00650-x

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Hence, the utilization and optimization of CO post-combustion is of greater importance. Generally, the CO post-combustion includes CO post-combustion in foaming slag and CO post-combustion in free space [30,31]. With CO post-combustion in free space, the heat generated by the reaction between O 2 and CO above the molten bath is transformed into the molten slag layer by radiation and convection and then the heat is transformed from the molten slag layer to molten steel.…”

Section: Effect Of Co Post-combustion On the Power Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Study on Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking with Submerged Carbon Powder Injection with CO2-O2 Mixed Gas

Li,

Wei,

Han

2023

Metals

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The technology of submerged carbon powder injection with CO2 and O2 mixed gas (SCPI-COMG) is a new type of powder injection technology. It can increase the molten bath carbon content and improve the molten steel quality by injecting carbon powder directly into the molten steel with CO2 and O2 mixed gas. To optimize the process parameters of this novel technology, the mechanism of this technology and the effect of SCPI-COMG on EAF steelmaking were investigated in this study. Based on an induction furnace experiment, the effects of molten bath carburization and fluid flow on the scrap melting were analyzed. A mathematical model of the axis of gas jets in liquid steel was built to analyze the impact behaviors of gas jets in liquid steel. Based on the results of this theoretical model, for a gas jet in liquid steel, with α ≥ 20°, the horizontal inject distance decreases with α increasing and with 0° ≤ α ≤ 20°, the horizontal inject distance increases with α increasing. Finally, based on the newly built materials and energy balance model of EAF steelmaking with SCPI-COMG, the influences of the gas-solid parameters on the EAF steelmaking technical indexes were also analyzed.is very useful for optimizing the process parameters of EAF steelmaking with SCPI-COMG. The results of this study are very useful to optimize the process parameters of EAF steelmaking with SCPI-COMG of Gas Jet in Liquid Steel.

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Section: Effect Of Co Post-combustion On the Power Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Study on Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking with Submerged Carbon Powder Injection with CO2-O2 Mixed Gas

Li,

Wei,

Han

2023

Metals

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“…A supersonic jet is employed in the melting and refining process to increase energy efficiency, oxidize the dissolved impurities in the molten steel in the EAF, and generate heat, which contributes to the consequent electrical energy savings [6][7][8][9]. The chemical reactions from injecting O 2 and carbon into the molten bath increase the efficiency of the steelmaking process and decrease melting time and electrode consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research [4,[11][12][13][14] applied computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to physical water models and/or combustion experiments to study the characteristics of O 2 supersonic jets. The O 2 jet parameters are crucial in the steelmaking process because they affect stirring, chemical reactions, energy consumption, and foaming slag formation [9,15]. A study by Liu et al in 2020 [12] investigated the characteristics of the O 2 lance structure on supersonic jets using CFD simulation and combustion experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Oxygen Injection Conditions with Different Molten Steel Levels in the EAF Refining Process by CFD Simulation

Thongjitr,

Kowitwarangkul,

Pratumwal

et al. 2023

Metals

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In electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking, oxygen jets play a crucial role in controlling stirring ability, chemical reactions, and energy consumption. During the EAF lifetime, refractory wear leads to a decrease in the molten steel level and an increase in the nozzle-to-steel distance, thereby negatively affecting the overall energy efficiency of the process. The objective of this study is to optimize the energy efficiency of the EAF refining process by adjusting the nozzle flow conditions and conducting an analysis of jet performance using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Three types of injection jets were considered: the conventional jet, the CH4 coherent jet, and the CH4 + O2 coherent jet. The findings reveal that the shrouded flame of the coherent jet enhances jet performance by maintaining the maximum velocity, extending the potential core length, and increasing the penetration depth in the molten steel bath. To maintain the jet performance in response to an increased nozzle-to-steel distance resulting from refractory wear, transitions from the conventional jet to the CH4 coherent jet and the CH4 + O2 coherent jet are recommended once the nozzle-to-steel distance increases from its initial level of 1000 mm to 1500 mm and 2000 mm, respectively.

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“…Yang et al [ 3 ] recently reviewed the subject of stirring technologies in EAF steelmaking, however, in opinion of the authors, the subject requires not only a more critical analysis of the current developments but also an analysis of the current challenges to achieve high‐stirring intensities in the EAF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%