A Review of Workload-Monitoring Considerations for Baseball Pitchers

Dowling, Brittany; McNally, Michael P.; Chaudhari, Ajit M.W.; Oñate, James A.

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0511-19

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With that said, workload management has been investigated across different levels of baseball. [28][29][30] However, few researchers have investigated this subject in collegiate athletes. 31 Although workload management is theoretically logical, the evidence to support their effects on reducing the burden of risk remains mixed as it pertains to all positions other than pitchers (infielders, outfielders, and catchers).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Boltz

Powell

Robison

et al. 2021

Journal of Athletic Training

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association has supported men's baseball championships since 1947. Since its inception, the number of participating teams and athletes has considerably expanded. Background Frequently conducting injury surveillance of collegiate baseball athletes is essential for identifying developing temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics; injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 3.16 per 1000 athlete-exposures. The preseason injury rate was significantly higher than the regular season injury rate. The most commonly injured body parts were shoulder (16.1%), arm or elbow (16%), and hand or wrist (13.9%). The most reported specific injury was hamstring tear (7.9%). Conclusions The findings of this study aligned with previous studies—most injuries were due to noncontact and overuse mechanisms, less than one-half of injuries were related to upper extremity body parts, and one-third of all injuries were reported among pitchers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Boltz

Powell

Robison

et al. 2021

Journal of Athletic Training

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A one-week training load is generally considered acute, while the average of the training load over four to six weeks is representative of chronic loads. 20 Though pitch counts per game have been the primary variable collected to measure ACWR in baseball, 20,21 game count was used in this study in order to employ a measurement that applies to both pitchers and position players, thus allowing for estimates of workload to be calculated amongst all players. ACWR at the time of injury was compared to the average ACWR for pitchers and position players overall in 2021.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Plague of Their Own: Injury Incidence Remains Elevated in the 2021 Major League Baseball Season Compared to Pre-COVID-19 Seasons

Platt

Sullivan

Dripchak

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Significant increases in injuries were observed in the 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season; these were attributed to an increased acute to chronic workload due to the interrupted preseason and compressed season during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In 2021, the MLB resumed its regular schedule. Hypothesis/Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the injury incidence and epidemiology of the 2021 MLB season compared to the injury incidence in the 2020 season and pre-COVID-19 seasons. The hypothesis was that, with the return to normal preseason training, injury incidence in 2021 would return to pre-COVID-19 rates. Additionally, it was hypothesized that injury list (IL) placements at midseason 2021 would be decreased relative to 2020 due to the uninterrupted preseason yet increased at full season 2021 due to increased overall workload from 2020. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study Methods The MLB transactions database was searched for players placed on the IL between 2018 and 2021. Injuries were categorized by body part and player position. Incidence per 1000 athlete-exposures was calculated for the pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019), 2020, and 2021 seasons. The z test for proportions was used to determine significant differences between injury incidences. Results The injury incidence rate by midseason 2021 (9.32) compared to 2020 (8.66) was not significantly different (p=0.234). At full season 2021, injury incidence rate (8.69) was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons (5.13, p<0.001), but not 2020 (p=0.952). When comparing full season 2021 to 2020, increased foot/ankle (0.50 vs 0.14, respectively, p<0.001) and miscellaneous (1.92 vs 0.68, respectively, p<0.001) injuries were observed. Conclusion The overall injury incidence in 2021 was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons, and no significant difference was observed between both mid- and full season 2021 and 2020, refuting the hypotheses. This signifies that injury incidence remained elevated in the 2021 season despite resumption of preseason training and a regular season. Level of Evidence 3

show abstract

“…Pitch count is one of the conventional external load measures for baseball pitchers. Higher pitch counts have been linked to higher chances of experiencing pain or injuries (Dowling et al 2020). Baseball guidelines have been introduced for adolescent players to restrict pitch counts in hope of reducing overuse injuries in pitchers, though implementing such guidelines requires coaches and players to have the awareness and resources to monitor the players.…”

Section: Workload Monitoring In Throwing Sportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and workload are dominating on-field data monitoring techniques to track health and well-being of team-sports athletes

Cheng

Bergmann

2022

Physiol. Meas.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Participation in sports has become an essential part of healthy living in today’s world. However, injuries can often occur during sports participation. With advancements in sensor technology and data analytics, many sports have turned to technology-aided, data-driven, on-field monitoring techniques to help prevent injuries and plan better player management. This review searched three databases, Web of Science, IEEE, and PubMed, for peer-reviewed articles on on-field data monitoring techniques that are aimed at improving the health and well-being of team-sports athletes. It was found that most on-field data monitoring methods can be categorized as either player workload tracking or physical impact monitoring. Many studies covered during this review attempted to establish correlations between captured physical and physiological data, as well as injury risk. In these studies, workloads are frequently tracked to optimize training and prevent overtraining in addition to overuse injuries, while impacts are most often tracked to detect and investigate traumatic injuries. This review found that current sports monitoring practices often suffer from a lack of standard metrics and definitions. Furthermore, existing data-analysis models are created on data that are limited in both size and diversity. These issues need to be addressed to create ecologically valid approaches in the future.

show abstract

A Review of Workload-Monitoring Considerations for Baseball Pitchers

Cited by 23 publications

References 55 publications

Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

A Plague of Their Own: Injury Incidence Remains Elevated in the 2021 Major League Baseball Season Compared to Pre-COVID-19 Seasons

Impact and workload are dominating on-field data monitoring techniques to track health and well-being of team-sports athletes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About