Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Boltz, Adrian J.; Powell, Jacob R.; Robison, Hannah J.; Morris, Sarah N.; Collins, Christy L.; Chandran, Avinash

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-432-20

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…An injury can occur during only one single pitch when the peak load is higher than the UCL load capacity. Although most of the time it is a result of repetitive motion as the overall injury rate in baseball is 3.6 per 1000 athletes-exposures, with the elbow as the most injured part 34 . To prevent these pitchers, monitoring the elbow load magnitude and frequency during every athlete's exposure for multiple seasons and according to our results within an individual pitcher is important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential injury mechanisms in ulnar collateral ligament injuries; magnitude and variability of elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

Trigt

Hogerwou

Leenen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A common overuse injury in baseball pitching is the Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) injury, due to high and repetitive loading of the medial side of the elbow. This repetitive loading (i.e. external valgus torque), caused by pitching a high number of balls in a practice session or during a game, is resisted by the UCL and counteracted by the elbow muscles. The elbow muscles have the potential to shield the UCL from the full external load and were active in all fifteen participants during pitching. To understand the injury mechanisms, we investigated the effect of repetitive pitching on the elbow load magnitude and variability. In addition, we explored whether repetitive pitching affects elbow muscle activation during pitching. On a group level, the linear mixed models showed no significant associations of repetitive pitching with valgus torque magnitude and variability and elbow muscle activity. Significant large differences exist between pitchers in their individual courses in elbow valgus torque and muscle activity with repetitive pitching. This shows the importance of individuality in relation to repetitive pitching. To arrive at effective elbow injury prevention in baseball pitching, individual characteristics of changes in elbow load and muscle activity in relation to the development of UCL injuries should be investigated.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential injury mechanisms in ulnar collateral ligament injuries; magnitude and variability of elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

Trigt

Hogerwou

Leenen

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An injury can occur during only one single pitch when the peak load is higher than the UCL load capacity. However, most of the time it is a result of repetitive motion as the overall injury rate in baseball is 3.6 per 1000 athletes-exposures, with the elbow as the most injured part 44 . To prevent pitchers from injuries, monitoring the within pitcher development of the elbow load magnitude and frequency during every athlete’s exposure over multiple seasons is important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and variability of individual elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

van Trigt,

van Hogerwou,

Leenen

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In baseball pitchers the elbow is exposed to high and repetitive loads (i.e. external valgus torque), caused by pitching a high number of balls in a practice session or game. This can result in overuse injuries like the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury. To understand injury mechanisms, the effect of repetitive pitching on the elbow load magnitude and variability was investigated. In addition, we explored whether repetitive pitching affects elbow muscle activation during pitching. Fifteen pitchers threw each 60 to 110 balls. The external valgus torque and electromyography of three elbow muscles were quantified during each pitch. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to investigate the effect of repetitive pitching. On a group level, the linear mixed models showed no significant associations of repetitive pitching with valgus torque magnitude and variability and elbow muscle activity. Significant differences exist between pitchers in their individual trajectories in elbow valgus torque and muscle activity with repetitive pitching. This shows the importance of individuality in relation to repetitive pitching. In order to achieve effective elbow injury prevention in baseball pitching, individual characteristics of changes in elbow load and muscle activity in relation to the development of UCL injuries should be investigated.

show abstract

“… 2 Other studies have focussed on specific mechanisms of injury such as injuries to children in school, sports or work-related injury. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 In comparison, little is known of the scale of avoidable injuries presenting to medical services on a national level in the UK. Furthermore, work on external validation of the definition of avoidable injury has not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventable hand injuries: A national audit

Lane,

Wilkinson,

Giddins

et al. 2023

JPRAS Open

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Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Potential injury mechanisms in ulnar collateral ligament injuries; magnitude and variability of elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

Potential injury mechanisms in ulnar collateral ligament injuries; magnitude and variability of elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

Magnitude and variability of individual elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching

Preventable hand injuries: A national audit

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