A review of urban energy system models: Approaches, challenges and opportunities

Keirstead, James; Jennings, Mark; Sivakumar, Aruna

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.047

Cited by 524 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…Conforme Silva e Bermann (2002, p.1): "O planejamento energético é a única ferramenta capaz de identificar as alternativas mais adequadas para atender as demandas da sociedade". Ressaltando que um sistema energético pode ser entendido como: processos combinados de aquisição e utilização de energia em uma determinada sociedade ou economia (Jaccard, 2005 apud Keirsteada;Jenningsa;Sivakumarb, 2012).…”

Section: Gestão Energética Descentralizadaunclassified

Perspectivas da Gestão de Energia em âmbito municipal no Brasil

Collaço

Bermann

2017

Estud. av.

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Introduçãos usos das diversas fontes de energia passaram a ser um norte quando se fala sobre as mudanças climáticas, impactos decorrentes da poluição nos diferentes níveis desde o local ao global e mudanças de estilo de vida da sociedade moderna. Nessa mesma linha, o tema referente ao uso de fontes alternativas aos combustíveis fósseis passou a ter mais espaço nas políticas públicas e no planejamento setorial.Ora, vive-se um momento em que as demandas da sociedade são claras no tocante ao conforto que a energia em suas diversas formas proporciona; por isso, passou a ser urgente pensar, criar e construir práticas que levem para comunidades respostas a suas demandas de maneira a colaborar com os problemas ambientais emergentes.O desenvolvimento do Planejamento Energético em âmbito local, de forma descentralizada, pode-se converter em uma forma de alcançar o desenvolvimento local a partir do uso de diferentes fontes de energia como uma ferramenta para o alcance da sustentabilidade de modo a integrar iniciativas de produção de energias renováveis de forma descentralizada, de busca pela eficiência e conservação de energia de forma limpa A questão energética envolve aspectos técnicos, econômicos, ambientais, sociais e políticos. Está inserida em todas as esferas de poder, desde a instância municipal, estadual, nacional, e também global, uma vez que existem não só as trocas entre mercados energéticos, assim como também preocupações, acordos e interações energéticas entre nações.Atualmente, mais da metade da população mundial vive em cidades, as projeções indicam que até 2050 a porcentagem de população urbana estará em torno de 66% (ONU-Habitat, 2016). Concentração de pessoas equivale a concentração de consumo, inclusive consumo de recursos energéticos.Combinar essa equação: maior concentração de pessoas vivendo em ambientes urbanos, que por definição possuem menos recursos naturais, e que ao mesmo tempo consomem cerca de 75% dos recursos mundiais (Madlener; SuPerspectivas da Gestão de Energia em âmbito municipal no Brasil

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Section: Gestão Energética Descentralizadaunclassified

Perspectivas da Gestão de Energia em âmbito municipal no Brasil

Collaço

Bermann

2017

Estud. av.

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“…As an example, biomass-to-fuel optimal strategies can be identified based on the framework presented by Kim et al [14]. The contextualization of technology assessment within energy systems, in particular at the urban level, has emerged in the last years [13]. Gerber et al [15] have applied multi-objective optimization for the evaluation of deep geothermal and biomass (direct combustion in boiler and gasification) integration in an urban system taking into account total yearly cost and Global Warming Potential (GWP) with a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach.…”

Section: Geothermal Energy and Biomass In Urban Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An urban energy system model has been defined as "a formal system that represents the combined processes of acquiring and using energy to satisfy the energy service demands of a given urban area" [13]. Thus, it is a simplified representation of an urban system accounting for the energy flows within its boundaries.…”

Section: Urban Energy System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, contextualizing the comparison among different technology options within urban energy models presents the advantage of defining a reference state of the energy system, taking into account the structure and seasonal variation of the demand, and the existing and competing technologies. This system approach captures the complexity deriving from the interaction between the different energy sectors [13], such as the penetration of electric technologies for heating and mobility end-uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of deep geothermal energy and woody biomass conversion pathways in urban systems

Moret

Peduzzi

Gerber

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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Urban systems account for about two-thirds of global primary energy consumption and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, with a projected increasing trend. Deep geothermal energy and woody biomass can be used for the production of heat, electricity and biofuels, thus constituting a renewable alternative to fossil fuels for all end-uses in cities: heating, cooling, electricity and mobility. This paper presents a methodology to assess the potential for integrating deep geothermal energy and woody biomass in an urban energy system. The city is modeled in its entirety as a multiperiod optimization problem with the total annual cost as an objective, assessing as well the environmental impact with a Life Cycle Assessment approach. For geothermal energy, deep aquifers and Enhanced Geothermal Systems are considered for stand-alone production of heat and electricity, and for cogeneration. For biomass, besides direct combustion and cogeneration, conversion to biofuels by a set of alternative processes (pyrolysis, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and synthetic natural gas production) is studied. With a scenario-based approach, all pathways are first individually evaluated. Secondly, all possible combinations between geothermal and biomass options are systematically compared, taking into account the possibility of hybrid systems. Results show that integrating these two resources generates configurations featuring both lower costs and environmental impacts. In particular, synergies are found in innovative hybrid systems using excess geothermal heat to increase the efficiency of biomass conversion processes. The application to a case study demonstrates the advantages of using a system approach for the analysis over a stand-alone comparison between options.

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“…As an example, Figure 4 shows different scales and relevant data for the estimation of the building heat demand. As a consequence, when coupling energy planning and GIS, there are at least three reasons why one would have to work on different spatial scales and to aggregate or disaggregate the data: (1) a common scale (e.g., building level or district level) for all the data is required for the analysis or validation of the results [112][113][114]; (2) a faster computing time is desired [115]; (3) consideration of data privacy aspects are required [93,94].…”

Section: Aggregation: Combining the Energy And Gis Viewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-Based Planning and Modeling for Renewable Energy: Challenges and Future Research Avenues

Resch

Sagl

Törnros

et al. 2014

IJGI

122

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Abstract:In the face of the broad political call for an -energy turnaround‖, we are currently witnessing three essential trends with regard to energy infrastructure planning, energy generation and storage: from planned production towards fluctuating production on the basis of renewable energy sources, from centralized generation towards decentralized generation and from expensive energy carriers towards cost-free energy carriers. These changes necessitate considerable modifications of the energy infrastructure. Even though most of these modifications are inherently motivated by geospatial questions and challenges, the integration of energy system models and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is still in its infancy. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of previous approaches in using GIS in renewable energy-related projects, extracts distinct challenges from these previous efforts and, finally, defines a set of core future research avenues for GIS-based energy infrastructure planning with a focus on the use of renewable energy. These future OPEN ACCESS ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3 663 research avenues comprise the availability base data and their -geospatial awareness‖, the development of a generic and unified data model, the usage of volunteered geographic information (VGI) and crowdsourced data in analysis processes, the integration of 3D building models and 3D data analysis, the incorporation of network topologies into GIS, the harmonization of the heterogeneous views on aggregation issues in the fields of energy and GIS, fine-grained energy demand estimation from freely-available data sources, decentralized storage facility planning, the investigation of GIS-based public participation mechanisms, the transition from purely structural to operational planning, data privacy aspects and, finally, the development of a new dynamic power market design.Keywords: integration of GIS and energy system models; GIS and renewable energy; GIS-based energy infrastructure planning; future research challenges; fluctuating renewables; structural planning of local energy systems; operation optimization

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A review of urban energy system models: Approaches, challenges and opportunities

Cited by 524 publications

References 249 publications

Perspectivas da Gestão de Energia em âmbito municipal no Brasil

Perspectivas da Gestão de Energia em âmbito municipal no Brasil

Integration of deep geothermal energy and woody biomass conversion pathways in urban systems

GIS-Based Planning and Modeling for Renewable Energy: Challenges and Future Research Avenues

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