A Review of Ultra-Low-Power and Low-Cost Transceiver Design

Schumacher, Tim; Stadelmayer, Markus; Faseth, Thomas; Pretl, Harald

doi:10.1109/austrochip.2017.15

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Wireless systems for IoT are another key emerging application well-suited to the AoCs. IoT based devices and systems, which are likely to become ubiquitous in the near future [15], will find applications in diverse valuable domains. The potentials and challenges of AoCs for this application are described below.…”

Section: B Iot Wireless Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Provide compact, low cost, and power-effective IoT solutions: Wireless devices will form a large proportion of IoT systems [15]. For these devices, the miniaturization, low power consumption and high energy efficiency are essential requirements [96].…”

Section: ) Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…developments in ICs, transistor scaling and fabrication processes [1]- [3], this progress is essentially credited to the efficient integration and packaging methods [1]. The role of such integration methods is expected to proliferate in the future, because of the emergence of innovative applications such as 5G wireless technology [4]- [14], IoT wireless devices and systems [15], WSNs [16]- [20], and Smart Cities [21], [22], FIGURE 1. SoC based integration method: All sections of the wireless system including antennas are integrated on the same substrate, thus eliminating the need of lossy bond wires in contrary to other integration methods and resulting in a more compact, low loss, low power and cost-effective wireless modules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions of On-Chip-Antennas for Emerging Wireless Applications—A Comprehensive Survey

et al. 2019

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The ever-growing demand for low power, high performance, cost-effective, low-profile, and highly integrated wireless systems for emerging applications has triggered the need for the enormous innovations in wireless transceiver systems, components, architectures and technologies. This is especially valid for the antenna which is an integral component of the wireless transceiver systems and contributes significantly in determining their overall performance. Antenna-on-Chip (AoC) is an alternative antenna technology, which has drawn a substantial attention in recent days because of its various benefits over off-chip antenna technology. A few of these benefits include miniaturization, low power, low cost, and high integration of the wireless modules. Motivated by these valuable advantages and to unveil the true potential of the AoCs, this article presents, for the first time, a comprehensive survey of the suitability, advantages, and challenges of the AoCs for the emerging wireless applications such as 5th generation (5G) Wireless Systems, Internet-of-Things (IoT) Wireless Devices and Systems, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Wireless Interconnects, Wireless Energy Transfer, Radio Frequency (RF) Energy Harvesting, Biomedical Implants, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Autonomous vehicles, Innovative characterization methods for Integrated Circuits (ICs) and Antennas, and Smart City. In addition, this article presents the current stateof-the-art of the AoC's applications by classifying their applications in Millimeter-Wave (MM-Wave) band, Terahertz (THz) band, and low-frequency bands. The article also investigates and describes some useful methods for the mitigation of the challenges and issues posed by the emerging applications for the realization of the AoCs in a systematic manner. A concise description of the future directions of the AoCs with respect to each emerging application is also a part of this article. It is expected that this well-structured and organized survey will not only act as an excellent source of scholarship for the relevant research community, but also open up a world of novel research opportunities.

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Section: B Iot Wireless Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions of On-Chip-Antennas for Emerging Wireless Applications—A Comprehensive Survey

et al. 2019

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“…The power demand of the devices is mainly defined by the transmitter as it needs energy to transmit data over a range of a few meters. Several approaches have been proposed with the target to reduce power demand in integrated transmitter design as [11] summarizes. One approach to decrease the power consumption of the transmitter is to correspondingly reduce the complexity as well as the number of components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-power integrated transmitter design using frequency multiplication techniques

Stadelmayer

Schumacher

Faseth

et al. 2020

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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This paper proposes an approach to employ frequency multiplication techniques like edge-combining and third harmonic extraction in ultra-low-power integrated transmitter design. The overall power demand of the transmitter is reduced by keeping operating frequency of its components low. For that reason, edge-combining and third harmonic extraction are integrated directly into a switched mode power amplifier. Hence, the radio frequency signal is generated just before it is fed to the antenna. This leads to a reduced power demand of the overall transmitter in comparison to conventional designs where the oscillator and other components are operated directly at the radio frequency. Within this paper we propose an amplifier that generates a 2.4 GHz carrier frequency from a ring oscillator running at a low 200 MHz resulting in a frequency multiplication factor of twelve. The exemplary design is targeted to be used in ultra-low-power short range applications. Hence, our simulations using extracted layout models show that the amplifier provides an output power of approximately -12 dBm at a supply voltage of 0.6 V while consuming 2.4 mW of power fully integrated in a 180 nm 1P6M CMOS process. This demonstrates that the proposed techniques are especially suitable for ultra-low-power transmitter in short range applications. That includes medical and body area network applications.

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“…In order to increase the lifespan of those devices for a given energy source, the power consumption of every single component has to be minimized. A summary of the state-of-the-art can be found in [29]. Especially the wireless data transmission of such an IoT sensor node consumes a lot of power and thus needs to be thoroughly optimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From microwatt to gigabit: challenges of modern radio design

Pretl¹,

Faseth²,

Schumacher³

et al. 2018

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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On the brink of introducing the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks, the art of radio-frequency (RF) integrated circuit design has never seen such a wide spread of diverging requirements:On the one hand, ubiquitous sensor networks are mandating power budgets in the order of micro-watt. They should be constructed as energy-autonomous, wireless, low-cost sensor nodes. This demand is caused by massive deployment scenarios of billions of devices, which makes wires and batteries unpractical. As a result, the desire for the radio nodes to harvest their operational energy from the environment emerges.On the other hand, the recent and ongoing realization of gigabit-per-second capable cellular modems is driving hardware and power requirements to extremes. To overcome hardware limitations, introduced by analog impairments, digital correction and alignment algorithms are employed for compensation. These factors call for usage of expensive advanced CMOS technology nodes and increased utilization of digital signal processing techniques.In this paper, we recap ongoing trends and developments for ultra-low power and high-end transceiver (TRX) designs using CMOS technology nodes ranging from low-cost to highest performance.Keywords: RF; ultra-low-power; wireless architectures; transceiver; mixed-signal circuits; 5G Von Mikrowatt zu Gigabit: Herausforderungen beim Design moderner Funkübertragungssysteme. Neben der Einführung der zellularen Mobilfunknetze der fünften Generation (5G) muss sich auch die integrierte HochfrequenzSchaltungstechnik einer noch nie dagewesenen Breite an unterschiedlichen Anforderungen stellen: Auf der einen Seite gibt es überall kabellose Sensornetzwerke, denen nur eine geringe Menge an Versorgungsleistung im MikrowattBereich zur Verfügung steht. Daher müssen die Chips in diesem Bereich energieautark und möglichst kostengünstig entwickelt werden. Aufgrund der zu erwartenden hohen Stückzahlen (Milliarden von unterschiedlichsten Sensoren für verschiedene Anwendungen) sind eine drahtgebundene Energieversorgung oder der Einsatz von Batterien in vielen Fällen praktisch unmöglich. Somit wird es für die Sensoren immer wichtiger, ihre Energieversorgung aus der Umgebung zu gewinnen (Stichwort Energy Harvesting).

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A Review of Ultra-Low-Power and Low-Cost Transceiver Design

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

The Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions of On-Chip-Antennas for Emerging Wireless Applications—A Comprehensive Survey

The Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions of On-Chip-Antennas for Emerging Wireless Applications—A Comprehensive Survey

Low-power integrated transmitter design using frequency multiplication techniques

From microwatt to gigabit: challenges of modern radio design

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