A Review of the Methods on Cobb Angle Measurements for Spinal Curvature

Chen, Jin; Wang, Shengru; Yang, Guodong; Li, En; Liang, Zize

doi:10.3390/s22093258

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Para-sagittal section of CT images were used to estimate facet joint ankylosing. The cervical curvature of operation region was measured using the 2-line Cobb method (11). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine was also obtained in all patients for further investigation of the intraspinal contents and compressive pathological feature.…”

Section: Radiographic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cervical suspensory traction in the treatment of severe cervical kyphotic deformity

Pan

Chen²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Front. Surg.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate a new noninvasive traction method on the treatment of severe cervical kyphotic deformity.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with severe cervical kyphosis (Cobb > 40°) treated in Peking University Third Hospital from March 2004 to March 2020 were retrospectively summarized. 46 cases were enrolled, comprising 27 males and 19 females. Fifteen patients underwent skull traction, and 31 patients underwent suspensory traction. Among them, seven used combined traction after one week of suspensory traction. Bedside lateral radiographs were taken every two or three days during traction. The cervical kyphosis angle was measured on lateral radiographs in and extended position at each point in time. The correction rate and evaluated Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring for the function of the spinal cord were also measured. The data before and after the operation were compared with paired sample t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test.ResultsNo neurological deterioration occurred during the skull traction and the cervical suspensory traction. There were 12 patients with normal neurological function, and the JOA score of the other 34 patients improved from 11.5 ± 2.8 to 15.4 ± 1.8 at the end of follow up (P < 0.05). The average kyphotic Cobb angle was 66.1° ± 25.2, 28.7° ± 20.1 and 17.4° ± 25.7 pre-traction, pre-operative, and at the final follow-up, respectively (P < 0.05). The average correction rate of skull traction and suspensory traction was 34.2% and 60.6% respectively. Among these, the correction rate of patients with simple suspensory traction was 69.3%. For patients with a correction rate of less than 40% by suspensory traction, combined traction was continued, and the correction rates after suspensory traction and combined traction were 30.7% and 67.1% respectively.ConclusionsPre-correction by cervical suspensory traction can achieve good results for severe cervical kyphotic deformity, with no wound and an easy process. Combined traction is effective for supplemental traction after suspensory traction.

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Section: Radiographic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cervical suspensory traction in the treatment of severe cervical kyphotic deformity

Pan

Chen²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Front. Surg.

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“…The accuracy of spinal correction was assessed by conducting preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior and lateral X-ray examinations to measure the Cobb angle and SVA of spinal kyphosis [10][11][12].…”

Section: Assessment Of Surgical Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensionale Printed Individualized Guiding Templates for Surgical Correction of Severe hyperkyphosis: Outcomes of 7 Cases

Peng

Zhu

Lee

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: Introduction and Evaluation of the Effects of 3D Technology-Assisted Transforaminal Spinal Osteotomy on Spinal Orthopedic Rate, Nail Placement Accuracy, and Healing Methods: This study conducted a retrospective review of the treatment outcomes of seven patients (four males and three females), aged 19-59 years, who underwent transforaminal osteotomy between December 2011 and March 2023. Digital Computer-Aided Design (CAD) technology was utilized for preoperative surgical planning and precise intraoperative guidance of the osteotomy procedure using a guide plate. Postoperative evaluation included the assessment of the kyphosis Cobb angle, spinal correction rate, nail placement accuracy, and the administration of the Oswestry Dysfunction Index questionnaire. Results: Study included seven patients (4 males, 3 females) with an average age of 41.0 years. Average follow-up period was 38.2 months (range: 9-54 months). All patients achieved satisfactory correction with an average correction rate of 95.11%. Surgical outcomes showed an average surgical time of 402.42 minutes, average blood loss of 984.83 milliliters, and average hospital stay of 12.21 days. Out of 70 implanted screws, 97.1% were classified as Grade A or B, indicating satisfactory screw position. Postoperative X-rays demonstrated significant correction of kyphotic deformity (average correction angle: 44.24°, average correction rate: 95.09%). Conclusions: The use of 3D digital technology for preoperative planning, simulation of surgery, and personalized design of 3D printing guide plates in spinal osteotomy provides improved postoperative orthopedics, enhanced accuracy of nail placement, and improved quality of life for patients with severe kyphosis.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies investigating the concept of the angle between LA and LV—or any angle measurements at all—using 2D or 3D echocardiography. Indeed, the published angle measurements using 3D ultrasound have been mostly restricted to the Cobb angle of the spine 11 and the frontomaxillary facial angle of the fetus, 12 using fundamentally different techniques than what would be used with TTE. Neither have any previous studies to our knowledge sought to validate the cardiac angle measurements using in vitro models, regardless of the imaging modality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for measuring the angle between left atrial and left ventricular long axes using 3D echocardiography

Vekama,

Pirinen,

Järvinen

et al. 2023

Echocardiography

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BackgroundLeft ventricle (LV) optimized views are routinely used for left atrial (LA) volume and strain measurements on 2D echocardiography. This might be a source of the error because of the variation of the angle between the left atrial and left ventricle long axes (LA‐LV angle), leading to foreshortening of the LA.MethodsWe investigated two novel parameters: the angle between the left atrial and left ventricle long axes (LA‐LV angle) and its deviation from the 4‐chamber plane. To accurately measure the angles in 3D space, these measurements were performed using 3D echocardiography. We developed a method for the measurement based on marking anatomic points of reference in the 3D echocardiogram and measuring the angles between these points. We used three types of phantoms made of wood and agar‐agar to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of these measurements and performed measurements on human subjects.ResultsThe ultrasound measurements were in excellent agreement with the true angles of the phantoms: LA‐LV angle bias was .5 degrees (95% CI −1.8 to +2.7) in the wooden phantoms and 1.2 degrees (−.7 to +3.1) in the agar‐agar phantoms, while the angle deviation from the 4‐chamber plane was −.9 degrees (−4.3 to +4.1) in the wooden phantoms and .0 degrees (−3.3 to +3.3) in the agar‐agar phantoms. The measurements demonstrated good repeatability and reproducibility (Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from .91 to .99). The measurements from human hearts showed good repeatability (Pearson correlation was .81 for repeated LA‐LV angle measurements and .97 for repeated measurements of the deviation from the 4‐chamber plane).ConclusionThe measurement of the LA‐LV angle is a feasible tool to investigate one eventual error of 2D echocardiography.

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A Review of the Methods on Cobb Angle Measurements for Spinal Curvature

Cited by 30 publications

References 91 publications

Effect of cervical suspensory traction in the treatment of severe cervical kyphotic deformity

Effect of cervical suspensory traction in the treatment of severe cervical kyphotic deformity

Three-Dimensionale Printed Individualized Guiding Templates for Surgical Correction of Severe hyperkyphosis: Outcomes of 7 Cases

A method for measuring the angle between left atrial and left ventricular long axes using 3D echocardiography

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