A review of the bioanalytical methods for the quantitative determination of capecitabine and its metabolites in biological matrices

Knikman, Jonathan E.; Rosing, Hilde; Guchelaar, Henk‐Jan; Cats, Annemieke; Beijnen, Jos H.

doi:10.1002/bmc.4732

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Zufía, Aldaz, and Giráldez (2004) reported the use of a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetonitrile (4:1, v/v) after sample acidification with orthophosphoric acid to simultaneously extract capecitabine, 5 -DFUR (5 -deoxy-5-fluorouridine), 5-FU (5-fluorouracil), and 5-FUH2 (5,6-dihydro-5-fluorouracil) from plasma. A similar extraction method is also reported using LLE with a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetonitrile as the extractant (8:3, v/v) [6]. Piórkowska et al (2014) have reported a similar extraction method using a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetonitrile (4:1, v/v) but without sample acidification.…”

Section: Clinical Applications 21 Anticancer Drugsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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New Challenges in (Bio)Analytical Sample Treatment Procedures for Clinical Applications

et al. 2023

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The primary cause of poor and ambiguous results obtained from the bioanalytical process is the sample pre-treatment, especially in clinical analysis because it involves dealing with complex sample matrices, such as whole blood, urine, saliva, serum, and plasma. So, the aim of this review is to focus attention on the classical and new techniques of pre-treatment for biological samples used in the bioanalytical process. We discussed the methods generally used for these types of complex samples. Undoubtedly, it is a daunting task to deal with biological samples because the analyst may encounter a substantial loss of the analytes of interest, or the overall analysis may be too time-consuming. Nowadays, we are inclined to use green solvents for the environment, but without sacrificing analytical performance and selectivity. All the characteristics mentioned above should be added to the difficulty of the withdrawal of samples like blood because it can be an invasive practice. For these reasons, now we can also find in the literature the use of saliva as alternative biological samples and new techniques that do not require substantial sample pre-treatment, such as fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE). The text has been divided into the following two distinct parts: firstly, we described clinical applications under different subsections, such as anticancer drugs, antibiotics, vitamins, antivirals, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statin, imidazoles, and triazoles. The second part is dedicated to sample preparation techniques for diagnostic purposes and is divided into the following different sample preparation techniques: solid-phase microextraction (SPME), microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DDLME), and fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE).

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Section: Clinical Applications 21 Anticancer Drugsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Piórkowska et al (2014) have reported a similar extraction method using a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetonitrile (4:1, v/v) but without sample acidification. Acidification was not deemed necessary because the assay was developed to determine only capecitabine concentrations (no metabolites) [6].…”

Section: Clinical Applications 21 Anticancer Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Challenges in (Bio)Analytical Sample Treatment Procedures for Clinical Applications

et al. 2023

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“…The high hydrophilicity of 5-FU and its active metabolites hinders their isolation from biological matrices. The high aqueous solubility and the low solubility to organic solvents result in extraction difficulties [ 48 , 49 ]. The most applied techniques to remove interfering endogenous substrates, namely liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE) and protein precipitation (PP), have been thoroughly reviewed [ 49 ].…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors – Advantages and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in electrochemical determination of anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil

2023

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Reliable, rapid, highly selective and sensitive analytical methods for the determination of antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human body fluids (blood serum/plasma and urine) are required to improve the chemotherapy regimen to reduce its toxicity and improve efficacy. Nowadays, electrochemical techniques provide a powerful analytical tool for 5-FU detection systems. This comprehensive review covers the advances in the development of electrochemical sensors for the quantitative determination of 5-FU, mainly focused on original studies reported from 2015 to date. We have summarized recent trends in the electrochemical sensor systems applied for the analysis of 5-FU in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples, and critically evaluated the key performance metrics of these sensors (limit of detection, linear range, stability and recovery). Challenges and future outlooks in this field have also been discussed.

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“…Numbers of analytical methods such as RP-HPLC, LC-MS, UV-Visible spectrophotometric method, stability-indicating RP-HPLC methods have been reported for estimation of capecitabine [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . But there was no stability-indicating UV-visible spectrophotometry method was found reported by which capecitabine can be estimated independently to degradation products formed in different stress conditions such as hydrolysis, photolysis, oxidation, dry heat degradation etc.…”

Section: Figure I: Chemical Structure Of Capecitabinementioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Experiments (DoE) - Based Enhanced Quality by Design Approach to Hydrolytic Degradation Kinetic Study of Capecitabine by Eco-friendly Stability Indicating UV-Visible Spectrophotometry

Prajapati¹,

Patel²,

Patel³

et al. 2020

AJPTR

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Capecitabine is an anti-metabolite class of anti-neoplastic drug that is converted to fluorouracil in body tissue. Numbers of stability indicating chromatography method such as HPLC, HPTLC etc.have been reported for stability study of capecitabine. But the chromatography methods are tedious, time and solvent consuming methods. Hence, stability-indicating UV-visible spectroscopy method has been developed for hydrolytic degradation kinetic study of capecitabine using design of experiments (DoE)-based enhanced quality by design approach (QbD) to save time, solvent and cost of analysis. The potential method parameters were identified and assessed by risk priority number (RPN) ranking and filtering. The DoE-based full factorial designs were applied for degradation kinetic study in alkaline and acidic medium at different temperature. The rate constant, order of reaction, half-life and % degradation of capecitabine was calculated. The absorbencies of all samples were measured at 307nm wavelength and linearity of capecitabine was found to be in the range of 5-25µg/mL. The order of reactions for alkaline and acidic degradation kinetic was found to be first order. The highest degradation rate constant and % degradation of capecitabine was found to be in 0.3 N acid or base at 50˚C. The prediction of rate constant and % degradation of capecitabine was done using DoE-based response surface analysis. The data of degradation kinetic was found to be in good agreement with published RP-HPLC method of capecitabine.

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A review of the bioanalytical methods for the quantitative determination of capecitabine and its metabolites in biological matrices

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

New Challenges in (Bio)Analytical Sample Treatment Procedures for Clinical Applications

New Challenges in (Bio)Analytical Sample Treatment Procedures for Clinical Applications

Recent advances in electrochemical determination of anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil

Design of Experiments (DoE) - Based Enhanced Quality by Design Approach to Hydrolytic Degradation Kinetic Study of Capecitabine by Eco-friendly Stability Indicating UV-Visible Spectrophotometry

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