A review of Semigenetta (Viverridae, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Eurasia based on material from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Germany)

Kargopoulos, Nikolaos; Kampouridis, Panagiotis; Lechner, Thomas; Böhme, Madelaine

doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.07.001

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Remarks: This genus was recently reviewed by [ 21 ] . It exhibits a relatively uniform morphology throughout the Miocene (MN 1/2 to MN 10) and the species differentiations are based mainly on size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison: The morphological homogeneity of the genus Semigenetta in the fossil record leads to the differentiations being held mainly by metrical comparisons [ 21 ]. It is demonstrated in Tables 19 and 20 that S .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though, it must be noted that the fragmentary m1 (SNSB-BSPG-2020 XCIV-3614) is slightly wider than the known specimens of this form. However, we consider this as an indicator of intraspecific variability (an aspect already discussed by [ 21 ] ) and not as a character of taxonomic relevance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sansaniensis (2.9 x 1.9 mm from Vieux-Collonges [ 52 ] ; 3.0 x 2.3 mm and 3.8 x 3.0 mm from La Grive-Saint-Alban [ 72 ] ) fit very well to the size of the present specimen. This species is the only viverrid of its size during the late Middle and early Late Miocene [ 21 ], so we are inclined to tentatively attribute this molar to S . sansaniensis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, [ 1 ] and [ 16 ] published a preliminary faunal list for the locality, reporting carnivorans of several families. The present article is a part of a detailed review of the carnivoran fauna of the locality that has started recently with the publications of [ 21 – 23 ] , reporting the discovery of the viverrids Semigenetta sansaniensis [ 28 ] and Semigenetta grandis Crusafont Pairó & Golpe Posse, 1981 [ 29 ]; the new otter species Vishnuonyx neptuni Kargopoulos et al, 2021 [ 22 ]; the ictithere Thalassictis montadai Villalta Comella & Crusafont Pairó, 1943 [ 30 ] and a large hyaenid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The exceptionally high diversity of small carnivorans from the Late Miocene hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

et al. 2022

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The present study deals with new material of carnivorans (Mustelidae, Mephitidae, Ailuridae, Potamotheriinae and Viverridae) from the basal Tortonian (Late Miocene, late Astaracian) hominid-bearing locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany). The small carnivoran fauna includes 20 species belonging to nine different subfamilies (Guloninae, Lutrinae, Mellivorinae, Potamotheriinae, Leptarctinae, Mephitinae, Simocyoninae, Genettinae and Viverrinae). The identified forms include: “Martes” sansaniensis, “Martes” cf. munki, “Martes” sp., Circamustela hartmanni n. sp., Laphyctis mustelinus, Guloninae indet., Eomellivora moralesi, Vishnuonyx neptuni, Paralutra jaegeri, Lartetictis cf. dubia, Trocharion albanense, Palaeomeles pachecoi, Proputorius sansaniensis, Proputorius pusillus, Alopecocyon goeriachensis, Simocyoninae indet., Potamotherium sp., Semigenetta sansaniensis, Semigenetta grandis and Viverrictis modica. The new species Circamustela hartmanni n. sp. is differentiated from the other members of the genus by its small size and the morphology of its dental cusps in the upper and lower carnassials. This is one of the highest reported taxonomic diversities for fossil small carnivorans in the Miocene of Europe, including also first and last occurrences for several genera and species. Additionally, the assemblage comprises some rare taxa such as Palaeomeles pachecoi and Eomellivora moralesi. An ecomorphological comparison of the discovered taxa reveals possible cases of competition and niche partitioning.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The exceptionally high diversity of small carnivorans from the Late Miocene hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

et al. 2022

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The primitive giant panda Kretzoiarctos beatrix (Carnivora, Ursidae) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede: dietary implications

Kargopoulos,

Abella,

Daasch

et al. 2024

Papers in Palaeontology

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Extant giant pandas are among the most herbivorous forms of the order Carnivora, feeding mainly on hard plant material. The first steps of their evolutionary lineage are of particular interest for our understanding of the factors that led to this specialized niche. The present work deals with newly discovered dental material of the primitive ailuropodine bear Kretzoiarctos beatrix from the Late Miocene locality of Hammerschmiede (Germany). This is the first report of the genus Kretzoiarctos outside the Iberian Peninsula, expanding its spatial range to Central Europe. All of the currently known localities with K. beatrix, from both Spain and Germany, are very similar in age (c. 11.9–11.4 Ma). The present material has distinct features that enable its taxonomic discrimination from other Miocene ursids of Europe, such as Ballusia, Ursavus, Miomaci, Agriarctos and Indarctos. A thorough comparison is conducted of all of these forms. The new specimens were used in a dental microwear texture analysis in combination with ecomorphological comparisons, to investigate the dietary habits of this primitive ailuropodine. The results suggest that Kretzoiarctos was not an eater of tough plant material like the extant giant panda but was more similar to the extant Tremarctos, exhibiting opportunistic behaviour with occasional consumption of meat.

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Deinotherium levius and Tetralophodon longirostris (Proboscidea, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany), and their biostratigraphic significance for the terrestrial faunas of the European Miocene

Konidaris,

Lechner,

Kampouridis

et al. 2023

J Mammal Evol

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During the Miocene, proboscideans reached their greatest diversification, and due to their marked evolutionary changes in dental size and morphology, they comprise an important biostratigraphic/biochronological tool. In this article, we study the proboscideans from the Late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Germany), whose fossiliferous layers HAM 6, HAM 4 and HAM 5 are dated to 11.42, 11.44 and 11.62 Ma, respectively. The studied material consists of mandibular, tusk and cheek tooth specimens, which are attributed to the deinothere Deinotherium levius and the tetralophodont gomphothere Tetralophodon longirostris. An almost complete juvenile mandible of D. levius was CT-scanned and revealed that the erupting lower tusks represent the permanent ones. The mandible is most possibly associated with a lower deciduous tusk, and therefore these specimens capture the rare, and short in duration, moment of transition between deciduous and permanent lower tusks in fossil proboscideans and represent the first such example in deinotheres. The chronologically well-constrained proboscidean fauna from Hammerschmiede and the examination of other assemblages from European localities indicate that the coexistence of D. levius and T. longirostris characterizes the late Astaracian–earliest Vallesian, while Hammerschmiede may showcase the transition from the Middle Miocene trilophodont (Gomphotherium)-dominated faunas of central Europe to the Late Miocene tetralophodont-dominated ones. Finally, in order to decipher the dietary preferences of the Hammerschmiede Tetralophodon we performed dental mesowear angle analysis, which revealed a mixed-feeding diet with an important browsing component, significantly different from the heavily browsing one of Deinotherium known from other localities. Such distinct feeding habits between the taxa indicate niche partitioning, which allowed their sympatry.

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A review of Semigenetta (Viverridae, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Eurasia based on material from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Germany)

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

The exceptionally high diversity of small carnivorans from the Late Miocene hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

The exceptionally high diversity of small carnivorans from the Late Miocene hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

The primitive giant panda Kretzoiarctos beatrix (Carnivora, Ursidae) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede: dietary implications

Deinotherium levius and Tetralophodon longirostris (Proboscidea, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany), and their biostratigraphic significance for the terrestrial faunas of the European Miocene

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