A Review of Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs)

Yogarayan, Sumendra; Razak, Siti Fatimah Abdul; Azman, Azreen; Abdullah, Mohd Fikri Azli; Ibrahim, Siti Zainab; Raman, Kirbana Jai

doi:10.1109/icoict49345.2020.9166174

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, there are critical obstacles to designing an appropriate routing protocol in VANETs [19]. Routing protocols are primarily designed to achieve the shortest possible communication time while utilising the fewest possible network resources [20]. VANET provides various scenario control protocols, including cluster, position, Multicast or Geocast, broadcast, and topology-based routing protocol.…”

Section: Routing Protocols In Vanetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The destination's location coordinates (x, y) should be supplied if the source node is prepared to send a packet. It does not call for the creation and upkeep of the route, nor does it call for the alteration of the routing table [20]. This research will investigate two such protocols: the geographical routing protocol (GRP) and maximum distance on-demand routing algorithm (MDORA).…”

Section: E Position Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Performance Evaluation of GRP and MDORA Protocols for VANET

Mohammed¹,

Mansor²,

Hock³

2023

IJETAE

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The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a kind of mobile ad hoc network (MANET). VANET is a wireless communication network that offers vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) dialogue. They have a dynamic topology and are often ad hoc networks, meaning they lack communication management and control infrastructure. Vehicle communication must be used for comfort and safety. The effectiveness of a communication link is determined by how successfully routing protocols are implemented in the network. This work aims to compare the performance of the geographical routing protocol (GRP) with that of the maximum distance on-demand routing algorithm (MDORA). Packet delivery ratio, communication overhead, and end-to-end delay are the performance parameters evaluated in this study.

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Section: Routing Protocols In Vanetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Position Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Performance Evaluation of GRP and MDORA Protocols for VANET

Mohammed¹,

Mansor²,

Hock³

2023

IJETAE

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“…Hence, it is very challenging to disseminate the message to the nodes with high reliability. To cope with the message dissemination challenge, many routing protocols have been developed [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RC-LAHR: Road-Side-Unit-Assisted Cloud-Based Location-Aware Hybrid Routing for Software-Defined Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Kumar,

Raw

2024

Sensors

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The reliability of the communication link is quite common and challenging to handle as the topology changes frequently in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Another problem with VANETs is that the vehicles are from different manufacturers. Hence, the heterogeneity of hardware is obvious. These heterogeneity and reliability problems affect the message dissemination in VANETs. This paper aims to address these challenges by proposing a robust routing protocol capable of ensuring reliable, scalable, and heterogeneity-tolerant message dissemination in VANETs. We first introduced a hybrid hierarchical architecture based on software-defined networking (SDN) principles for VANETs, leveraging SDN’s inherent scalability and adaptability to heterogeneity. Further, a road-side unit (RSU)-assisted cloud-based location-aware hybrid routing for software-defined VANETs (SD-VANETs) that we call RC-LAHR was proposed. RC-LAHR was rigorously tested and analyzed for its performance in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR) and end-to-end delay (EED), along with a comprehensive assessment of network traffic and load impacts on cloud infrastructure and RSUs. The routing protocol is compared with state-of-the-art protocols, Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) and Opportunistic and Position-Based Routing (OPBR). The proposed routing protocol performs well as compared to GPSR and OPBR. The result shows that the EED is reduced to 20% and the PDR is increased to 30%. The network reliability is also increased up to 5% as compared to the OPBR and GPSR.

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“…The vehicle could just move in a single direction and might be met with emergency accidents or traffic jams, such situations would make the transmission position among vehicle nodes to be very complex. Over several decades, several authors make much effort and contributing to the model of routing protocol for VANETs and suggested distinct routing methods [6]. Few are categorized into broadcast-related, topology-related, position-related, infrastructure-related, and cluster-related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaheuristics-based Clustering with Routing Technique for Lifetime Maximization in Vehicular Networks

Muthukrishnan¹,

Kannan²

2023

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Recently, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) finds applicability in different domains such as security, rescue operations, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), etc. VANET has unique features like high mobility, limited mobility patterns, adequate topology modifications, and wireless communication. Despite the benefits of VANET, scalability is a challenging issue which could be addressed by the use of cluster-based routing techniques. It enables the vehicles to perform intercluster communication via chosen CHs and optimal routes. The main drawback of VANET network is the network unsteadiness that results in minimum lifetime. In order to avoid reduced network lifetime in VANET, this paper presents an enhanced metaheuristics based clustering with multihop routing technique for lifetime maximization (EMCMHR-LM) in VANET. The presented EMCMHR-LM model involves the procedure of arranging clusters, cluster head (CH) selection, and route selection appropriate for VANETs. The presented EMCMHR-LM model uses slime mold optimization based clustering (SMO-C) technique to group the vehicles into clusters. Besides, an enhanced wild horse optimization based multihop routing (EWHO-MHR) protocol by the optimization of network parameters. The presented EMCMHR-LM model is simulated using Network Simulator (NS3) tool and the simulation outcomes reported the enhanced performance of the proposed EMCMHR-LM technique over the other models.

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A Review of Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs)

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

A Comparative Performance Evaluation of GRP and MDORA Protocols for VANET

A Comparative Performance Evaluation of GRP and MDORA Protocols for VANET

RC-LAHR: Road-Side-Unit-Assisted Cloud-Based Location-Aware Hybrid Routing for Software-Defined Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Metaheuristics-based Clustering with Routing Technique for Lifetime Maximization in Vehicular Networks

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