A review of recent development: Transport and performance modeling of PEM fuel cells

Wu, Hung‐Wei

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.075

Cited by 361 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) are a promising technology of producing electricity from hydrogen, for both portable and stationary applications [1,2]. The integration of a PEFC in a power generation system requires an thorough design in the balance of plant [3,4] and a detailed power conditioning stage [5] to guarantee the best performance of the fuel cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ammonia Impurities on the Hydrogen Flow in High and Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

et al. 2019

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Fuel cells are a promising technology to use as a source of electricity and heat for buildings, and as an electrical power source for electric motors propelling vehicles. They consume hydrogen as fuel and oxygen to produce electricity, heat and water. Conventional fuels, such as natural gas, methanol, or even gasoline are reformed to produce the hydrogen required by the fuel cells. During the reforming process, impurities are inevitably obtained in the hydrogen flow. One of them is ammonia (NH 3 ) that can result in serious damage to the fuel cell operation. In this paper, the effects produced by different concentrations of NH 3 present in the hydrogen flow on the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performance are studied, differentiating between irreversible and recoverable damages. Strictly experimental, the study includes both low and high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC).The NH 3 poisoning effect is analyzed and quantified by comparing the polarization curves. After the poisoning stage, the cells are subjected to a regeneration process (feeding the cell with neat H 2 ) with the aim of knowing the membrane's recovery capacity. The experimental results demonstrate that in low temperature (LT)-PEFCs, the cell recovers its performance almost completely with a new exposure to neat H 2 , in spite of the damage previously caused by the presence of traces of NH 3 in the anode feed stream. In contrast, in high temperature (HT)-PEFCs, the cell suffers irreversible damage, even with short time exposure to NH 3 . The paper concludes with discussing the possible chemical interactions by which NH 3 affects the cell performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ammonia Impurities on the Hydrogen Flow in High and Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

et al. 2019

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“…The effects of flow field are summarized through a literature survey. In the study of Wu, recent developments in mathematical modeling of PEMFCs were presented and summarized. Mahmoudimehr and Daryadel discussed the influences of feeding conditions and objective function on the optimal design of gas flow channels of a PEMFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A parametric comparison of temperature uniformity and energy performance of a PEMFC having serpentine wavy channels

2018

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Summary Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are regarded as alternative energy sources because they are environment friendly and deliver no harmful emission. As its reliability and power generating efficiency is largely influenced by the temperature distribution, it is necessary to improve the temperature uniformity which is crucial in PEMFCs. To this end, this numerical study presents an attempt to optimize the flow channels via introducing wavy shape flow channels at the ribs. The numerical model is validated by experimental data available in the open literature. Two kinds of wavy shape flow channels are designed while straight flow channel is set as a reference. In the PEMFCs with wavy shape flow channels, the effects of the amplitude and wavelength on the thermal performance are simulated and analyzed. Results show that wavy shape flow channels provide better performance not only for thermal uniformity but also for PEMFC output power and efficiency. With lower amplitude and wavelength of wavy shape flow channels, the power can be promoted up to 3.69% and 7.26% for two kinds of wavy shaped flow channels compared with straight flow channel, respectively. The influences of amplitude and wavelength on the thermal uniformity and the output power are also analyzed. This paper provides a new insight to PEMFC flow channel designers.

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“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their advantages such as high efficiency, low operating temperature, no environmental pollution, fast start up, wide range of capacity and ability to build in different shapes, have been used in various applications such as military, portable, aerospace and transportation industries as one of the modern and clean source of energy , . Despite of these advantages, the widespread commercialization of PEMFCs needs to price reduction, stable performance and increasing power density .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Cathode Catalyst Layer Void Volume on the Short‐term and Long‐term Performance of PEM Fuel Cell

2018

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The cathode catalyst layer void volume of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) determines the available three‐phase regions and routes of mass transfer in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). In this paper, four MEAs with different void volume of cathode catalyst layer have been made and their performance was evaluated and analyzed. The results show that for the MEA with cathode catalyst layer porosity of 20.8%, an optimal structure and a proper balance between catalyst layer void volume and Nafion content is obtained. The optimal void volume caused that electrochemical surface area for the MEA with the optimal structure be 1.45 times higher than MEA having a porosity of 29.5% at the end of the long‐term cycles. On the other hand, the mass transfer resistance (Rmt) at the end of long‐term cycles for MEA with the optimal structure is 4.8 times less than the same MEA having a porosity of 15.9%. This fact makes that MEA with the cathode catalyst layer porosity of 20.8%, both in short and in the long‐term, has higher and more stable performance than other MEAs; so that its maximum output power density has changed only 0.8% during 200 cycles.

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A review of recent development: Transport and performance modeling of PEM fuel cells

Cited by 361 publications

References 97 publications

Effects of Ammonia Impurities on the Hydrogen Flow in High and Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Effects of Ammonia Impurities on the Hydrogen Flow in High and Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

A parametric comparison of temperature uniformity and energy performance of a PEMFC having serpentine wavy channels

Influence of the Cathode Catalyst Layer Void Volume on the Short‐term and Long‐term Performance of PEM Fuel Cell

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