A Review of Recent Advances in Research on PM2.5 in China

Lin, Yaolin; Zou, Jianfeng; Wang, Yang; Li, Chun‐Qing

doi:10.3390/ijerph15030438

Cited by 162 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Previous studies have revealed that sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (denoted as SNA) are the predominant inorganic aerosols in PM, and SNA can contribute to nearly half of the total PM 2.5 mass (about 20 %-60 %) (Y. S. Sun et al, 2016b;Lin et al, 2018). All these show the necessity to exactly simulate the concentrations of SNA.…”

Section: Intercomparison Between Participant Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia

et al. 2019

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Abstract. A total of 14 chemical transport models (CTMs) participated in the first topic of the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III. These model results are compared with each other and an extensive set of measurements, aiming to evaluate the current CTMs' ability in simulating aerosol concentrations, to document the similarities and differences among model performance, and to reveal the characteristics of aerosol components in large cities over East Asia. In general, these CTMs can well reproduce the spatial–temporal distributions of aerosols in East Asia during the year 2010. The multi-model ensemble mean (MMEM) shows better performance than most single-model predictions, with correlation coefficients (between MMEM and measurements) ranging from 0.65 (nitrate, NO3-) to 0.83 (PM2.5). The concentrations of black carbon (BC), sulfate (SO42-), and PM10 are underestimated by MMEM, with normalized mean biases (NMBs) of −17.0 %, −19.1 %, and −32.6 %, respectively. Positive biases are simulated for NO3- (NMB = 4.9 %), ammonium (NH4+) (NMB = 14.0 %), and PM2.5 (NMB = 4.4 %). In comparison with the statistics calculated from MICS-Asia phase II, frequent updates of chemical mechanisms in CTMs during recent years make the intermodel variability of simulated aerosol concentrations smaller, and better performance can be found in reproducing the temporal variations of observations. However, a large variation (about a factor of 2) in the ratios of SNA (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) to PM2.5 is calculated among participant models. A more intense secondary formation of SO42- is simulated by Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) models, because of the higher SOR (sulfur oxidation ratio) than other models (0.51 versus 0.39). The NOR (nitric oxidation ratio) calculated by all CTMs has larger values (∼0.20) than the observations, indicating that overmuch NO3- is simulated by current models. NH3-limited condition (the mole ratio of ammonium to sulfate and nitrate is smaller than 1) can be successfully reproduced by all participant models, which indicates that a small reduction in ammonia may improve the air quality. A large coefficient of variation (CV > 1.0) is calculated for simulated coarse particles, especially over arid and semi-arid regions, which means that current CTMs have difficulty producing similar dust emissions by using different dust schemes. According to the simulation results of MMEM in six large Asian cities, different air-pollution control plans should be taken due to their different major air pollutants in different seasons. The MICS-Asia project gives an opportunity to discuss the similarities and differences of simulation results among CTMs in East Asian applications. In order to acquire a better understanding of aerosol properties and their impacts, more experiments should be designed to reduce the diversities among air quality models.

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Section: Intercomparison Between Participant Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia

et al. 2019

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“…In the past two decades, China has experienced unprecedented economic growth accompanied by rapidly increasing mental health problems [44] as well as rapidly deteriorating air quality. The latest PM 2.5 concentration data collected from the air quality monitoring station in more than 300 cities indicated that the majority of cities fail to meet air quality standards set by WHO [45]. Of note, the Chinese people and governments increasingly concerned with ambient air pollution due to the mass media and citizen watchdogs transmitting news and information about particulate matter (in particular PM 2.5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between PM2.5 exposure and suicidal ideation: a prefectural panel study

Chen

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: Suicidal ideation is subject to serious underestimation among existing public health studies. While numerous factors have been recognized in affecting suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), the associated environmental risks have been poorly understood. Foremost among the various environment risks were air pollution, in particular, the PM2.5. The present study attempted to examine the relationship between PM 2.5 level and local weekly index of suicidal ideation (ISI). Methods: Using Internet search query volumes in Baidu (2017), the largest internet search engine in China, we constructed a prefectural panel data (278 prefectures, 52 weeks) and employed dynamic panel GMM system estimation to analyze the relationship between weekly concentration of PM2.5 (Mean = 87 μg·m − 3 ) and the index of suicidal ideation (Mean = 49.9). Results:The results indicate that in the spring and winter, a 10 μg·m − 3 increase in the prior week's PM 2.5 in a Chinese city is significantly associated with 0.020 increase in ISI in spring and a 0.007 increase in ISI in winter, after taking account other co-pollutants and meteorological conditions. Conclusion:We innovatively proposed the measure of suicidal ideation and provided suggestive evidence of a positive association between suicidal ideation and PM 2.5 level.

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“…A previous report indicated that air pollution has negative impact on chronic diseases of cardiovascular system and respiratory system and also accelerate the occurrence of chronic diseases [4]. China is accounted for 17% of the total amount of death around the world due to air pollution [5].To address this problem, Chinese government has taken many corresponding measures including the development and enforcing a New Air Quality Standards and endorsed more funding (about $14.7 billion) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Pay for Improved Air Quality and Influencing Factors among Manufacturing Workers in Nanchang, China

Liu

Pan

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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(1) Background: Air quality apt to deteriorate in decades in China, people are seeking improvement measures. To assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for improved air quality among manufacturing workers and associated factors influencing their WTP. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in combination with contingent valuation in Nanchang between September and October of 2015. A face-to-face interview was conducted to obtain basic demographic information from manufacturing workers and to understand their WTP for air quality improvement. (3) Results: A total of 600 effective questionnaires were collected in this study and showed that more than half of the respondents (53%) expressed their WTP for improved air quality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the main factors associated with manufacturing workers' WTP were their residence areas, education level, annual household income and travel experience. (4) Conclusions: These findings have provided (a) important information of the concern and desire for air pollution control through their WTP from manufacturing workers, (b) baseline information for the policy-maker and local government for their development of more effective policy in air pollution prevention and control and (c) the need for more study for WTP among different population groups in future.

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A Review of Recent Advances in Research on PM2.5 in China

Cited by 162 publications

References 132 publications

MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia

MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia

The association between PM2.5 exposure and suicidal ideation: a prefectural panel study

Willingness to Pay for Improved Air Quality and Influencing Factors among Manufacturing Workers in Nanchang, China

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