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This paper analyses data of the China Women Status Survey 2010 to investigate how dual-earner couples allocate routine housework, non-routine housework, and care work between the spouses based on their relative income and working time. Women have longer housework time and undertake a higher proportion of routine domestic work and care work. Men share a higher proportion of nonroutine domestic work. Routine housework has a negative association with one's relative contribution to family income and working time. For both men and women living in rural areas, however, relative income forms a curvilinear relationship with routine housework and total housework time. Relative income and working time, however, are poor predictors in the gender division of non-routine housework. Furthermore, they have more complex patterns of association with care work. The results suggest that gender ideology interacts with resource factors in multiple ways to influence the domestic division of labour in China.