A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua

Rana, Mohan S.; Sámano, Vicente; Ancheyta, Jorge; Diaz, J.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2006.08.004

Cited by 819 publications

(490 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Each of these classes of pores has a defined role in the entire catalytic process. According to this scheme, the transformation of heavy molecules to valuable products (gas-oil and gasoline) occurs in the meso-and micropores [10,56,59,62,63,66,73,78,79,87,88,90,97].…”

Section: Catalyst Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

2015

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This review looks at the main processes available for the production of light olefins with a focus on maximizing the production of propylene. Maximization of propylene production has become the focus of most refineries because it is in high demand and there is a supply shortage from modern steam crackers, which now produce relatively less propylene. The flexibility of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) to various reaction conditions makes it possible as one of the means to close the gap between supply and demand. The appropriate modification of the FCC process is accomplished by the synergistic integration of the catalyst, temperature, reaction-residence time, coke make, and hydrocarbon partial pressure. The main constraints for maximum propylene yield are based on having a suitable catalyst, suitable reactor configuration and reaction conditions.

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Section: Catalyst Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

2015

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“…The slurry-phase hydrocracking is a promising technology, which could process inferior feedstock oils with the characteristics of high metal content, high sulphur content and high carbon residue, etc., [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slurry-phase hydrocracking of heavy oil and model reactant: effect of dispersed Mo catalyst

Ren

et al. 2015

Appl Petrochem Res

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Thermal hydrocracking and catalytic hydrocracking of heavy oil and model reactant have been carried out to investigate the effect of dispersed Mo catalyst on slurry-phase hydrocracking. The XRD and XPS patterns suggested that the major existence form of dispersed Mo catalyst in slurry-phase hydrocracking was MoS 2 . Experimental data revealed that the conversion of feedstock oils and model reactant increased with the presence of catalyst, while the yields of light products (gas, naphtha) and heavy products (vacuum residue, coke) decreased, the yields of diesel and vacuum gas oil increased in the meantime. Besides, the yields of aromatic hydrocarbon and naphthenic hydrocarbon in naphtha fraction decreased. Effect parameters R G (the ratio of i-C 4 H 10 yield to n-C 4 H 10 yield) and isoparaffin/n-paraffin ratio were proposed to study the reaction mechanism of slurry-phase hydrocracking, the smaller effect parameters showed that there was no carbonium ion mechanism in slurry-phase hydrocracking, which still followed the free radical mechanism, and that the isomerization ratio of products decreased with the presence of Mo catalyst.

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“…The sulfur content in the heavy oil was removed up to 3.4, 3.1 and 2.8 wt%, at reaction times of 30, 45 and 60 minutes, respectively. The sulfur removal is caused by the scission of C−S bonds as explained by the removal of thiophenic sulfur using the transition metal salts [27] [28]. These last results showed that the distribution of compounds changed with the increment of reaction time, confirming that this change was due to the conversion of the molecules of resins and asphaltenes.…”

Section: Effects On Content Sulfur and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 91%

Upgrading of Heavy Crude Oil with W-Zr Catalyst

Schacht¹,

Díaz-García²,

Aguilar³

et al. 2014

ACES

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The main problem of new crude oil reserves is the incipient increase of heavy crude oils in the American continent, i.e. USA, Mexico, Canada and Venezuela. These types of crude oils require several treatments before refining. One of these treatments can be hydrocracking. In this petroleum refining process, it is possible to modify the heavy crude oils to light crude oils. In this paper, we try to use hydrocracking to improve the quality of raw heavy crude oil, through some chemical transformations C-H binding rupture using a catalyst containing active metals such as tungsten and zirconium (W-Zr). After the crude oil was hydrocracked in presence of this novel bimetallic catalyst, the hydrocracked products showed lower content of asphaltenes, resins, sulfur and nitrogen. Also positive changes in the viscosity of crude oil measured as a decreasing of this value were observed. The American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity was significantly increased 6 units. Consequently, all these changes confirmed that the upgrading of the heavy crude oil was successful.

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A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua

Cited by 819 publications

References 70 publications

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

Slurry-phase hydrocracking of heavy oil and model reactant: effect of dispersed Mo catalyst

Upgrading of Heavy Crude Oil with W-Zr Catalyst

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