A Review of One Hundred and Forty-Four Cases of Affective Disorders— After Seven Years

Hohman, Leslie B.

doi:10.1176/ajp.94.2.303

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Although there are many studies and reviews of the long-term course of affective disorders, the numbers of prospective studies that have followed a cohort of depressed patients for 10 years or longer is still small (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). We were able to trace 85 Yo of the original sample of 110 patients after an average length of 136 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

An 11‐year follow‐up study of 110 depressed patients

Lehmann

Fenton

Deutsch

et al. 1988

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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In 1972 the World Health Organization organized a cross-cultural five-centre study of depressive disorders. This report is concerned with data collected, after an 11-year follow-up period, in the sample of 110 depressed patients in Montreal, Canada. Eighty-five percent were traced and 59% were interviewed. Of 93 patients, 20 were dead at the follow-up date, 11 by suicide. Fifty-two percent of patients were receiving psychiatric treatment at follow-up, but there was no relation between psychiatric morbidity and treatment-seeking. Moderate or severe impairment of social functioning was present in 32%; in women, a trend linking the presence of social impairment and the time spent in episodes was observed. Of the episodes of psychiatric illness recorded after the index episode, 86% were diagnosed as depressive, 14% as unspecified affective disorder. The mean durations of the index and four subsequent episodes were 10, 11, 7, 11, and 2 months respectively. At least one recurrence after the index episode was reported by 78%, at least four recurrences by 19%. Episodes lasted at least one year in 5%, 4%, 6%, and 6% in the first, second, third and fourth episodes respectively. Sixteen percent were depressed for at least one year and 31% for at least 2 years. There was a marked trend from inpatient to outpatient treatment and from ECT to drug therapy over time. Twenty-two percent reported either moderate or severe problems with alcohol or substance abuse. There was a statistically significant association between the amount of time patients spent in depressive episodes and the number of life events they reported.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

An 11‐year follow‐up study of 110 depressed patients

Lehmann

Fenton

Deutsch

et al. 1988

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Kraepelin speculated that left untreated, major depressive episodes would tend to last about 6 to 8 months in most cases (Kraepelin, 1921). Subsequent reports have generally supported this assertion (Angst, 1986;Hohman, 1937;Huston and Locher, 1948;Rennie and Fowler, 1942;Shobe and Brion, 1971), though these studies were largely based on clinical observation and retrospective analyses. The present study provides perhaps the most methodologically rigorous confirmation of this estimate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Naturalistic Course of Unipolar Major Depression in the Absence of Somatic Therapy

Posternak¹,

Solomon²,

Leon³

et al. 2006

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

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The goal of the study was to describe the naturalistic course of unipolar major depression in subjects not receiving somatic therapy for their depressive illness. Affectively ill individuals were recruited into the Collaborative Depression Study and followed prospectively for up to 15 years. One hundred thirty subjects who recovered from their intake episode of major depression subsequently experienced a recurrence that went untreated for at least 4 weeks following onset of the recurrence. The duration of the recurrent episode was examined using survival analytic techniques. Of the 130 subjects, 46 obtained somatic therapy at some time during the course of their depressive illness, while 84 subjects received no somatic therapy throughout their entire depressive episode. Survival analysis, which accounts for these 46 individuals by censoring their episodes at the time treatment was obtained, yielded a median time to recovery of 23 weeks. In the subsample of 84 subjects whose depressive illness went untreated from its inception through its resolution, the median time to recovery was 13 weeks. These results suggest that there is a high rate of recovery in individuals not receiving somatic treatment of their depressive illness, particularly in the first 3 months of an episode. Because treatment-seeking behavior is known to be associated with a worse prognosis, 23 weeks probably represents a lower-limit approximation of the median duration of an untreated depressive episode.

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“…The first type comprises longitudinal studies performed before the widespread availability of antidepressants (Hohman, 1938; Schorer et al 1968; Schorer, 1970). In these studies most depressed individuals did not receive treatment; those that did tended to be the most unwell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating remission from untreated major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2012

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It is undesirable to expect 100% treatment coverage for depression, given many will remit before access to services is feasible. Data were drawn from consenting wait-list and primary-care samples, which potentially over-represented mild-to-moderate cases of depression. Considering reported rates of spontaneous remission, a short untreated period seems defensible for this subpopulation, where judged appropriate by the clinician. Conclusions may not apply to individuals with more severe depression.

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A Review of One Hundred and Forty-Four Cases of Affective Disorders— After Seven Years

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

An 11‐year follow‐up study of 110 depressed patients

An 11‐year follow‐up study of 110 depressed patients

The Naturalistic Course of Unipolar Major Depression in the Absence of Somatic Therapy

Estimating remission from untreated major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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