A review of Ni-based layered oxides for rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Xu, Jun; Lin, Feng; Doeff, Marca M.; Tong, Wei

doi:10.1039/c6ta07991a

Cited by 418 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 280 publications

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“…38 In pristine NMC-622, the nominal average oxidation state of Ni is +2.67 (i.e. ; about 2/3 of the Ni is trivalent and 1/3 is divalent), but trivalent Ni is readily reduced, 26 only has a Δ value of 0.14. This value is much smaller than that of the electrochemically prepared samples and even that of the pristine material.…”

Section: Soft Xas Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials

Tian

Nordlund

et al. 2018

Joule

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Abstract:Nanoscale full-field (FF) transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) and ensembleaveraged soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (soft XAS) were used to investigate stateof-charge (SOC) heterogeneities in electrochemically charged or discharged and chemically oxidized samples of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathode materials. We observed considerable and similar non-uniformities in terms of Ni oxidation states (and, by proxy, lithium distributions) for all the samples in the bulk. Therefore, the chemically delithiated samples are similar to the electrochemically charged samples in terms of mesoscale charge heterogeneity in large polycrystalline particle ensembles. However, the gradient oxidation states of transition metals on the surface, which is partly responsible for the electrode degradation mechanism known as surface reconstruction, is much less apparent in chemically delithiated samples. T Response to ReviewersThe previous version of this paper was not sent out for peer review. Response to Reviewers Graphical AbstractClick here to download Graphical Abstract graphicalabstract.tif Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials SummaryNanoscale full-field (FF) transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) and ensemble-averaged soft Xray absorption spectroscopy (soft XAS) were used to investigate state-of-charge (SOC) heterogeneities in electrochemically charged or discharged and chemically oxidized samples of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathode materials. We observed considerable and similar non-uniformities in terms of Ni oxidation states (and, by proxy, lithium distributions) for all the samples in the bulk. Therefore, the chemically delithiated samples are similar to the electrochemically charged samples in terms of mesoscale charge heterogeneity in large polycrystalline particle ensembles.However, the gradient oxidation states of transition metals on the surface, which is partly responsible for the electrode degradation mechanism known as surface reconstruction, is much less apparent in chemically delithiated samples.

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Section: Soft Xas Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials

Tian

Nordlund

et al. 2018

Joule

Self Cite

152

195

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“…1–4 Nowadays, tremendous research efforts are being devoted to pushing the practical capacity of layered lithium transition-metal oxides, LiTMO 2 (TM = Ni, Mn, Co, Al), close to their theoretical values. 5–7 Meanwhile, a reversible capacity approaching 300 mAh g –1 was demonstrated by a modified version of a traditional layered oxide 8 , often reported by a formula of xLi 2 MnO 3 · (1–x)Li(Mn, Ni, Co)O 2 9–11 or Li 1+x (Mn, Ni, Co) 1– x O 2 12–15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating anionic oxygen activity in lithium-rich layered oxides

et al. 2018

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Recent research has explored combining conventional transition-metal redox with anionic lattice oxygen redox as a new and exciting direction to search for high-capacity lithium-ion cathodes. Here, we probe the poorly understood electrochemical activity of anionic oxygen from a material perspective by elucidating the effect of the transition metal on oxygen redox activity. We study two lithium-rich layered oxides, specifically lithium nickel metal oxides where metal is either manganese or ruthenium, which possess a similar structure and discharge characteristics, but exhibit distinctly different charge profiles. By combining X-ray spectroscopy with operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, we reveal completely different oxygen redox activity in each material, likely resulting from the different interaction between the lattice oxygen and transition metals. This work provides additional insights into the complex mechanism of oxygen redox and development of advanced high-capacity lithium-ion cathodes.

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“…A continued R&D effort facilitates improvements on specific energy (e.g., via implementation of over-lithiated cathode material) and/or battery degradation properties (via electrolyte additives) [36,37]. The commercial cell representative depicted in Table 3 provides an excellent trade-off between all performance parameters analyzed.…”

Section: Characteristics and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

et al. 2017

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Battery energy storage systems have gained increasing interest for serving grid support in various application tasks. In particular, systems based on lithium-ion batteries have evolved rapidly with a wide range of cell technologies and system architectures available on the market. On the application side, different tasks for storage deployment demand distinct properties of the storage system. This review aims to serve as a guideline for best choice of battery technology, system design and operation for lithium-ion based storage systems to match a specific system application. Starting with an overview to lithium-ion battery technologies and their characteristics with respect to performance and aging, the storage system design is analyzed in detail based on an evaluation of real-world projects. Typical storage system applications are grouped and classified with respect to the challenges posed to the battery system. Publicly available modeling tools for technical and economic analysis are presented. A brief analysis of optimization approaches aims to point out challenges and potential solution techniques for system sizing, positioning and dispatch operation. For all areas reviewed herein, expected improvements and possible future developments are highlighted. In order to extract the full potential of stationary battery storage systems and to enable increased profitability of systems, future research should aim to a holistic system level approach combining not only performance tuning on a battery cell level and careful analysis of the application requirements, but also consider a proper selection of storage sub-components as well as an optimized system operation strategy.

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A review of Ni-based layered oxides for rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Abstract: This article reviews Ni-based layered oxide cathodes for Li-ion batteries, primarily from a materials design perspective.

Cited by 418 publications

References 280 publications

Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials

Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials

Elucidating anionic oxygen activity in lithium-rich layered oxides

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

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