A review of microstructure and texture evolution with nanoscale precipitates for copper alloys

Geng, Yongfeng; Ban, Yijie; Wang, Bingjie; Li, Xu; Song, Kexing; Zhang, Yi; Jia, Yanlin; Tian, Baohong; Liu, Yong; Volinsky, Alex A.

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.08.055

Cited by 79 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…A comparison of Figure 10 a,c,e with Figure 10 b,d,f shows that the XY plane orientation of sample P 300 V 800 exhibits mainly the <101> texture, with a texture strength of 11.862, and the <111> texture in the XZ plane is more prominent, while the XY plane of sample P 400 V 800 has no obvious grain orientation, with a texture strength of 5.661, which indicates that the preferred orientation of the grains is more obvious in the sample manufactured using low laser power. Figure 10 e,f shows that the XY plane of sample P 300 V 800 exhibits the R-Goss {110}<110> texture [ 42 ], and the texture type of the XY plane of sample P 400 V 800 has changed significantly, to the Goss {110}<100> texture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2023

Materials

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The fabrication of high-performance copper alloys by selective laser melting (SLM) is challenging, and establishing relationships between the process parameters and microstructures is necessary. In this study, Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti alloy is manufactured by SLM, and the microstructures of the alloy are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The effects of processing parameters such as laser power and scanning speed on the relative density, defects, microstructures, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of the Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti alloy are studied. The optimal processing window for fabricating Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti alloy by SLM is determined. Face-centered cubic (FCC) Cu diffraction peaks shifting to small angles are observed, and there are no diffraction peaks related to the second phase. The grains of XY planes have a bimodal distribution with an average grain size of 24–55 μm. Fine second phases with sizes of less than 50 nm are obtained. The microhardness, tensile strength, and elongation of the Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti alloy manufactured using the optimum processing parameters, laser power of 325 W and scanning speed of 800 mm/s, are 139 HV0.2, 416 MPa, and 27.8%, respectively, and the electrical conductivity is 15.6% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). This study provides a feasible scheme for preparing copper alloys with excellent performance and complex geometries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Therefore, information about the mechanism of nucleation, i.e., CSRX and DSRX, will be very useful. It is vital to note that numerous reports exist on the RTR deformation of Cu alloys [18,19], but none discuss self-annealing phenomena. During plastic deformation, the formation of SLs occurred in Cu-Fe-P alloys.…”

Section: Self Annealing In Cu-fe-p Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Annealing Phenomena in the Cold-Rolled and Cryo-Rolled Copper Alloys: A Review

Gupta,

Choi

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Severely deformed copper (Cu) alloys showed the self-annealing behaviour when exposed at room temperature (RT) for a prolonged time. This phenomenon results in the evolution of self-annealed grains, dislocations annihilations, and a decrease in the strength. The present review work addresses the evolution of self-annealed microstructures in room-temperature-rolled (RTR) and cryogenic-rolled (CR) Cu alloys, including various grades of Cu alloys such as ETP Cu, Cu-Fe-P, Cu-Sn-Mg alloys that were studied in terms of RT softening. Static recrystallization (SRX) at room temperature (RT) was observed in the highly deformed RTR and CR Cu alloy samples. Both discontinuous SRX (DSRX) and continuous SRX (CSRX) were responsible for the nucleation of small grains at RT. Particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) also contributed to small-grain formations around Cu2O particles in ETP Cu. However, no PSN was reported for the Cu-Fe-P and Cu-Sn-Mg alloys. The formation of strain localizations (SLs) and shear bands (SBs) was observed in the deformed Cu alloys; these sites were preferred for grain nucleation during RT recrystallization.

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“…The presence of a solid solution allows the formation of precipitated CoNi and δ-(Ni, Co) 2 Si during aging [ 28 ]. In the same way, Cr promotes the refinement and reinforcing of the microstructure through precipitation and the growing of particles such as CrSi 2 , Cr 2 Si, and Cr 3 Si [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nb Additions and Heat Treatments on the Microstructure, Hardness and Wear Resistance of CuNiCrSiCoTiNbx High-Entropy Alloys

Avila-Salgado

Juárez-Hernández

Lara-Banda

et al. 2022

Entropy

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In this research, a set of CuNiCrSiCoTi (H-0Nb), CuNiCrSiCoTiNb0.5 (H-0.5Nb) and CuNiCrSiCoTiNb1 (H-1Nb) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were melted in a vacuum induction furnace. The effects of Nb additions on the microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior of these HEAs (compared with a CuBe commercial alloy) in the as-cast (AC) condition, and after solution (SHT) and aging (AT) heat treatments, were investigated using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and electron microscopy. A ball-on-disc configuration tribometer was used to study wear behavior. XRD and SEM results showed that an increase in Nb additions and modification by heat treatment (HT) favored the formation of BCC and FCC crystal structures (CS), dendritic regions, and the precipitation of phases that promoted microstructure refinement during solidification. Increases in hardness of HEA systems were recorded after heat treatment and Nb additions. Maximum hardness values were recorded for the H-1Nb alloy with measured increases from 107.53 HRB (AC) to 112.98 HRB, and from 1104 HV to 1230 HV (aged for 60 min). However, the increase in hardness caused by Nb additions did not contribute to wear resistance response. This can be attributed to a high distribution of precipitated phases rich in high-hardness NiSiTi and CrSi. Finally, the H-0Nb alloy exhibited the best wear resistance behavior in the aged condition of 30 min, with a material loss of 0.92 mm3.

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A review of microstructure and texture evolution with nanoscale precipitates for copper alloys

Cited by 79 publications

References 126 publications

Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu–Cr–Nb–Ti Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Self-Annealing Phenomena in the Cold-Rolled and Cryo-Rolled Copper Alloys: A Review

Effects of Nb Additions and Heat Treatments on the Microstructure, Hardness and Wear Resistance of CuNiCrSiCoTiNbx High-Entropy Alloys

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