A review of management actions on insect pollinators on public lands in the United States

Glenny, Will; Runyon, Justin B.; Burkle, Laura A.

doi:10.1007/s10531-022-02399-5

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…First, network size, or overall richness of interactors, increased with both pyrodiversity (a measure of fire history) and with the proportion of area recently burned (Appendix S1: Table S4). Prescribed fire has also been associated with increased network size in other studies (Glenny et al, 2022;Ponisio et al, 2016). Second, as network size increased, we observed decreased connectance, a pattern often documented by others (e.g., Campbell et al, 2015;Olesen & Jordano, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prescribed fire increases plant–pollinator network robustness to losses of rare native forbs

Waters,

Mitchell,

Brown

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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Restoration efforts often focus on changing the composition and structure of invaded plant communities, with two implicit assumptions: 1) functional interactions with species of other trophic levels, such as pollinators, will reassemble automatically when native plant diversity is restored; and 2) restored communities will be more resilient to future stressors. However, the impact of restoration activities on pollinator richness, plant–pollinator interaction network structure, and network robustness is incompletely understood. Leveraging a restoration chronosequence in Pacific Northwest prairies, we examined the effects of restoration‐focused prescribed fire and native forb replanting on floral resources, pollinator visitation, and plant–pollinator network structure. We then simulated the effects of plant species loss/removal scenarios on secondary extinction cascades in the networks. Specifically, we explored three management‐relevant plant loss scenarios (removal of an abundant exotic forb, removal of an abundant forb designated a noxious weed, and loss of the rarest native forb) and compared them to control scenarios. Pyrodiversity and proportion of area recently burned increased the abundance and diversity of floral resources, with concomitant increases in pollinator visitation and diversity. Pyrodiversity also decreased network connectance and nestedness, increased modularity, and buffered networks against secondary extinction cascades. Rare forbs contributed disproportionately to network robustness in less restored prairies, while removal of typical “problem” plants like exotic and noxious species had relatively small impacts on network robustness, particularly in prairies with a long history of restoration activities. Restoration actions aimed mainly at improving the diversity and abundance of pollinator‐provisioning plants may also produce plant–pollinator networks with increased resilience to plant species losses.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prescribed fire increases plant–pollinator network robustness to losses of rare native forbs

Waters,

Mitchell,

Brown

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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“…Restoration techniques on farmlands -including installing hedgerows and • There is an urgent and growing need to restore habitat for pollinators, but information about how to do this in seminatural ecosystems is generally lacking • Increasing the availability of floral resources by revegetating landscapes with native flowering plants could benefit pollinators and pollinator health • A framework is provided for determining the most effective mixes of plant species to reach defined goals for pollinator restoration • Following restoration actions, monitoring is required to assess success, and to improve and adapt plantings for current and future climate conditions flower strips, using diversified farming methods, and preserving natural land cover in surrounding fields -increase the abundance and diversity of native plants and provide floral resources for pollinators (Burkle et al 2017). Other management activities in seminatural ecosystems -like prescribed burning, thinning, and invasive species removal -can also have positive effects on pollinators (Glenny et al 2022a) via increased early seral stage habitat rich in floral and nesting resources, but post-management restoration projects may favor revegetating areas with grasses, which reduce erosion and outcompete invasive species but provide few benefits to pollinators. In addition, unlike agroecosystems, restoration projects in seminatural ecosystems are frequently conducted in remote areas, which impedes human interventions to ensure plant success, and natural disturbances like wildfire or drought select against the establishment of some plant species.…”

Section: Plant Selection For Pollinator Restoration In Seminatural Ec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other management activities in seminatural ecosystems – like prescribed burning, thinning, and invasive species removal – can also have positive effects on pollinators (Glenny et al . 2022a) via increased early seral stage habitat rich in floral and nesting resources, but post‐management restoration projects may favor revegetating areas with grasses, which reduce erosion and outcompete invasive species but provide few benefits to pollinators. In addition, unlike agroecosystems, restoration projects in seminatural ecosystems are frequently conducted in remote areas, which impedes human interventions to ensure plant success, and natural disturbances like wildfire or drought select against the establishment of some plant species.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant selection for pollinator restoration in seminatural ecosystems

Glenny

Runyon

Burkle

2023

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Individual plant species play valuable roles in meeting restoration goals for pollinators. However, the selection of plant species for pollinator restoration is rarely informed using empirical evidence and is usually developed in agroecosystems, which experience frequent human interventions to ensure plant success as compared to seminatural ecosystems. We highlight concepts and future research needs to design planting mixes that fulfill the ecological requirements of pollinators in seminatural ecosystems. Native plants that are attractive to pollinators, increase the stability of pollination services, and provide consistent floral resources across the landscape and growing season should be prioritized in pollinator restoration projects in seminatural ecosystems. Furthermore, condensing criteria of desirable plant traits into a composite score can aid managers in selecting plant species that meet restoration goals. Developing restoration strategies for pollinators on seminatural lands is important for preserving organisms essential for biodiversity maintenance and ecosystem function.

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“…Pollinator conservation has become a U.S. national priority following the creation of the Pollinator Health Task Force in 2015 (Vilsack and McCarthy 2015). One strategy from this effort is restoring or enhancing pollinator habitat via management practices, such as: increasing floral resources via sowing seed mixes or plantings, retaining nesting and overwintering resources (e.g., coarse woody debris and snags), controlling invasive nonnatives, and restoring natural disturbance regimes (Hudson et al 2013, Lukens et al 2020, Glenny et al 2022). A second conservation strategy is the need for research to document pollinator communities in natural systems (Vilsack and McCarthy 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors driving bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) and butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) use of sheared shrubland and young forest communities of the western Great Lakes

Keele,

McNeil,

Duchamp

et al. 2023

Environmental Entomology

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In the northern Great Lakes region, the creation and maintenance of early-successional woody communities as wildlife habitat have increasingly become a conservation priority. The extent to which insect pollinators use these systems remains largely anecdotal. In summer (June–August) of 2021, we surveyed 49 early-successional sites in the western Great Lakes region treated with either shrub-shearing or silviculture (young forest) for bumble bees, butterflies, and habitat components (i.e., structural vegetation and floral resources). Hierarchical distance models predicted pollinator densities (λ^) to be, on average, λ^ = 84 bumble bees/ha and λ^ = 102 butterflies/ha. Although sheared shrubland and young forest communities supported comparable densities of bumble bees and butterflies, density was not equal across all sites. At the microhabitat scale, butterfly density and morphospecies richness were negatively associated with tall shrub cover and butterfly morphospecies richness (but not density) was driven by floral richness. Similarly, bumble bee density was positively associated with metrics of floral resources, underscoring the importance of blooming plants within these woody systems. Landscape covariates explained variation in butterfly density/richness but not bumble bee density. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that blooming plant abundance is an important driver of bumble bee and butterfly densities within these managed early-successional communities. Because early-successional woody communities are dynamic and their herbaceous openings are ephemeral, routine management would ensure that a variety of successional conditions exist on the landscape to meet the needs of bumble bees, butterflies, and potentially other insect pollinators.

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A review of management actions on insect pollinators on public lands in the United States

Cited by 16 publications

References 144 publications

Prescribed fire increases plant–pollinator network robustness to losses of rare native forbs

Prescribed fire increases plant–pollinator network robustness to losses of rare native forbs

Plant selection for pollinator restoration in seminatural ecosystems

Factors driving bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) and butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) use of sheared shrubland and young forest communities of the western Great Lakes

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