A Review of Hypervelocity Debris Testing at the Air Force Research Laboratory

Stein, Charles; Roybal, Robert; Tlomak, Pawel; Wilson, W. G.

doi:10.1023/b:sdeb.0000030024.23336.f5

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Another simulation facility used to produce a hypervelocity impactor is a laserdriven flyer (LDF). 19,20 This technique is capable of producing smaller debris compared to a light gas gun with somewhat lower velocities. Typical dimensions of debris particles accelerated with LDF range from diameters of 10 μm to 3 mm with thickness of 3-25 μm and velocities of up to 7.5 km/s.…”

Section: Ground Simulation Of Hypervelocity Debrismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…20 The damage observed in these experiments included front surface cratering, front and rear surface radial and concentric cracks, rear surface uplift and spall, and contamination in the form of vaporized material ejected from the crater that re-deposited on the front surface. A typical SEM image of the rear surface of the impacted target is shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: Ground Simulation Of Hypervelocity Debrismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Grossman¹,

Gouzman²,

Verker³

2010

MRS Bull.

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In the last 40 years, the increased space activity created a new form of space environment of hypervelocity objects-space debris-that have no functional use. The space debris, together with naturally occurring ultrahigh velocity meteoroids, presents a significant hazard to spacecraft. Collision with space debris or meteoroids might result in disfunction of external units such as solar cells, affecting materials properties, contaminating optical devices, or destroying satellites. The collision normally results in the formation of additional debris, increasing the hazard for future missions. The hypervelocity debris effect is studied by retrieving materials from space or by using ground simulation facilities. Simulation facilities, which include the light gas gun and Laser Driven Flyer methods, are used for studying the materials degradation due to debris impact. The impact effect could be accelerated when occurring simultaneously with other space environment components, such as atomic oxygen, ultraviolet, or x-ray radiation. Understanding the degradation mechanism might help in developing materials that will withstand the increasing hazard from the space debris, allowing for longer space missions. The large increase in space debris population and the associated risk to space activity requires significant measures to mitigate this hazard. Most current efforts are being devoted to prevention of collisions by keeping track of the larger debris and avoiding formation of new debris.

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Section: Ground Simulation Of Hypervelocity Debrismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Ground Simulation Of Hypervelocity Debrismentioning

confidence: 99%

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Grossman¹,

Gouzman²,

Verker³

2010

MRS Bull.

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show abstract

“…There are a growing number of advanced structures in dynamically harsh environments, such as hypervelocity air vehicles, space structures, and weapon systems. These structures can experience high speed impacts (>4 km/s) that result in damage propagating through the structures in microseconds [1,2]. These applications have fueled interest in developing structural health monitoring (SHM) and damage prognosis methods for rapidly changing, time-varying systems [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving an Experimental Test Bed with Time-Varying Parameters for Developing High-Rate Structural Health Monitoring Methods

Foley

Joyce

Hong

et al. 2019

Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series

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With the development of complex structures with high-rate dynamics, such as space structures, weapons systems, or hypersonic vehicles, comes a need for real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) methods. Researchers are developing algorithms for high-rate SHM methods, however, limited data exists on which to test these algorithms. An experimental test bed to simulate high-rate systems with rapid parameter changes was previously presented by the authors. This paper expands on the previous work. The initial configuration consisted of a cantilevered steel beam with a cart-roller system on a linear actuator to create an adjustable boundary condition along the beam, as well as detachable added masses. Experimental results are presented for the system in new configurations during various parameter changes. A clamped-clamped condition to increase the system's natural frequencies is studied, along with improvements in test repeatability and user control over parameter changes.

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“…Hypervelocity air vehicles, space structures, and weapon systems are subject to extremely high speed impacts (>4 km/s), causing damage to propagate through the structures in microseconds [1,2]. Here, damage refers to a change in the structure's configuration, material failure, or change in the system boundary conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsecond State Monitoring of Nonlinear Time-Varying Dynamic Systems

Dodson

Joyce

Hong

et al. 2017

Volume 2: Modeling, Simulation and Control of Adaptive Systems; Integrated System Design and Implementation; Structural Health

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Reliable operation of next generation high-speed complex structures (e.g. hypersonic air vehicles, space structures, and weapons) relies on the development of microsecond structural health monitoring (μSHM) systems. High amplitude impacts may damage or alter the structure, and therefore change the underlying system configuration and the dynamic response of these systems. While state-of-the-art structural health monitoring (SHM) systems can measure structures which change on the order of seconds to minutes, there are no real-time methods for detection and characterization of damage in the microsecond timescales.This paper presents preliminary analysis addressing the need for microsecond detection of state and parameter changes. A background of current SHM methods is presented, and the need for high rate, adaptive state estimators is illustrated. Example observers are tested on simulations of a two-degree of freedom system with a nonlinear, time-varying stiffness coupling the two masses. These results illustrate some of the challenges facing high speed damage detection. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. ABSTRACTReliable operation of next generation high-speed complex structures (e.g. hypersonic air vehicles, space structures, and weapons) relies on the development of microsecond structural health monitoring (μSHM) systems. High amplitude impacts may damage or alter the structure, and therefore change the underlying system configuration and the dynamic response of these systems.While state-of-the-art structural health monitoring (SHM) systems can measure structures which change on the order of seconds to minutes, there are no realtime methods for detection and characterization of damage in the microsecond timescales.This paper presents preliminary analysis addressing the need for microsecond detection of state and parameter changes. A background of current SHM methods is presented, and the need for high rate, adaptive state estimators is illustrated. Example observers are tested on simulations of a two-degree of freedom system with a nonlinear, time-varying stiffness coupling the two masses. These results illustrate some of the challenges facing high speed damage detection.

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A Review of Hypervelocity Debris Testing at the Air Force Research Laboratory

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Improving an Experimental Test Bed with Time-Varying Parameters for Developing High-Rate Structural Health Monitoring Methods

Microsecond State Monitoring of Nonlinear Time-Varying Dynamic Systems

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