2021
DOI: 10.1111/sum.12717
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A review of green remediation strategies for heavy metal contaminated soil

Abstract: To promote human well-being and ensure healthy lives, the United Nations has set an ambitious sustainable development goal to reduce illnesses and deaths associated with soil contamination by 2030 (UN, 2015). Soil is a fragile, nonrenewable resource that is fundamental to life on earth (FAO, 2015;Hou et al., 2020). However, anthropogenic activities have led to widespread soil degradation and contamination (FAO, 2018). In Europe, there are approximately 2.5 million sites that are potentially contaminated by hea… Show more

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Cited by 149 publications
(61 citation statements)
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References 210 publications
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“…Bioremediation, particularly biochar amended phytoremediation, is one of the most promising remediation strategies that is widely used to remediate toxic metals/metalloids in the soil ( Shukla A. et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). Biochar has many significant properties that make it a good remediation material for contaminated soils, including a large internal surface area, negative charge, and resistance to degradation.…”
Section: An Overview Of Plant-based Remediation Approaches For Toxic Metals/metalloidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Bioremediation, particularly biochar amended phytoremediation, is one of the most promising remediation strategies that is widely used to remediate toxic metals/metalloids in the soil ( Shukla A. et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). Biochar has many significant properties that make it a good remediation material for contaminated soils, including a large internal surface area, negative charge, and resistance to degradation.…”
Section: An Overview Of Plant-based Remediation Approaches For Toxic Metals/metalloidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biochar has many significant properties that make it a good remediation material for contaminated soils, including a large internal surface area, negative charge, and resistance to degradation. It is also the most important bioremediation strategy since it not only serves to remediate soil pollution and improve soil quality but is also a cost-effective product that decreases the global environmental challenge of solid waste management ( Shukla A. et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). A recent study shows that the addition of 10% of biochar generated from rice straw to Cu-contaminated soil reduced Cu availability by 96% ( Rehman et al, 2019 ).…”
Section: An Overview Of Plant-based Remediation Approaches For Toxic Metals/metalloidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They also represent a valuable long-term economic opportunity, with several benefits for the environment, economy, and society [28,29]. However, NBS such as phytoremediation or bioremediation in contaminated sites do not always support long-term environmental sustainability [30]. The implementation of a remediation project, even if based on natural green solutions, cannot be considered the best sustainable solution without any post-remediation activities being comprehensively evaluated.…”
Section: Green and Sustainable Remediationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although LDHs are often regarded as novel, artificially synthesized lamellar materials, they can be classified as the anionic clays (Fan et al, 2014). For both cationic and anionic clay minerals, the major mechanisms are quite similar, including surface complexation/precipitation with hydroxyl, and the ion exchange with the interlayer cations/anions (Mishra et al, 2018; Wang, Rinklebe, et al, 2021). Therefore, clay minerals can be used for metal adsorption/immobilization and fertility improvement (because of reversible adsorption of nutrients).…”
Section: A Practical Guide To Selection Fabrication and Application Of Biochar Compositesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Application of certain types of biochar composites directly improves the physical structure and the chemical fertility of soil, leading to enhanced crop yield. On the other land, remediating the soils in a ‘green and sustainable’ manner also requires future development of novel materials (Hou, 2020; Wang et al, 2021). Engineered biochar composites loaded with key immobilization/degradation components assure the long‐term remediation of contaminated soil with low life cycle impact.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%