Soil Remediation: Towards a Resilient and Adaptive Approach to Deal with the Ever-Changing Environmental Challenges

Abstract

Pollution from numerous contaminants due to many anthropogenic activities affects soils quality. Industrialized countries have many contaminated sites; their remediation is a priority in environmental legislation. The aim of this overview is to consider the evolution of soil remediation from consolidated invasive technologies to environmentally friendly green strategies. The selection of technology is no longer exclusively based on eliminating the source of pollution but aims at remediation, which includes the recovery of soil quality. “Green remediation” appears to be the key to addressing the issue of remediation of contaminated sites as it focuses on environmental quality, including the preservation of the environment. Further developments in green remediation reflect the aim of promoting clean-up strategies that also address the effects of climate change. Sustainable and resilient remediation faces the environmental challenge of achieving targets while reducing the environmental damage caused by clean-up interventions and must involve an awareness that social systems and environmental systems are closely connected.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Exposure in Soils of Ihwrekreka Communities, Delta State, Nigeria

“…There are a number of different approaches that could be applied to remediate contaminated soil and water, depending on the specific circumstances of the site and the nature of the contamination (Grifoni et al, 2022). Some common approaches include physical removal of contaminant environmental media, chemical treatment to neutralize or remove the contaminants, and biological treatment using microorganisms to break down the contaminants (Mahesh et al, 2022).…”

Screening of Plants and Indigenous Bacteria to Improve Arsenic Phytoextraction

“…Remediation technologies based on the natural-based solution (NBS) approach can make a significant contribution in supporting this transition to sustainable remediation, achieving the natural resources' protection objectives established by current environmental policies [15]. Among the NBS remediation measures, a growing focus is on phytoremediation [16][17][18], which is the set of remediation technologies that see plants as main actors to clean up organic and inorganic contaminants in soil and other environmental matrices (sediments, water). The interest in these phyto-technologies has grown over time, thanks to their low cost, simplicity of operation, and environmental benefits [19,20], and possible uses in combination with other solutions have also been proposed to further increase the overall sustainability [21,22].…”

Evaluation of the Use of Lime and Nanosilica for the Improvement of Clay Soil Structure and Degradation of Hydrocarbons

“…The implementation of a soil bioremediation process is carried out through different modalities that depend on technical considerations such as the physical properties or chemical composition of the contaminated soil and the concentration and composition of the contaminants present. Among the most common remediation technologies are bioventilation, phytoremediation, mycoremediation, biopiles and composting, land-farming, and biological treatment in the slurry phase [9]. Additionally, there are strategies to make bioremediation more effective, which include the use of bioreactors, increase in the temperature of the medium, forced aeration using heavy machinery, and addition of fungi and additional vegetation [10].…”