A Review of Emerging Goose Astrovirus Causing Gout

Liu, Chenggang; Sun, Mingfei; Liao, Ming

doi:10.1155/2022/1635373

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(147 reference statements)

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“…We also replicated the clinical symptoms of the natural infection with GoAstV-GD2101, confirming that the gout-causing pathogen in goslings was the goose astrovirus. Goose gout occurs due to hyperuricemia, causing renal injury due to uric acid excretion disorder or excessive uric acid production (Liu et al, 2022). When goslings are infected by GoAstV, the uric acid content in serum increases considerably, which affects transporters such as anion transporter (OAT), drug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4), sodium phosphate transporter (NPT1), and the Na-K-ATP pump in the renal excretory system of goslings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Members of the family Astroviridae are small, non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses. They have a diameter of 28-30 nm and a characteristic five-or-six-pointed star on the surface of about 10% of virions (Madeley and Cosgrove, 1975;Liu et al, 2022). Their genomes are about 6.1 to 7.9 kb long, which include three open reading frames (ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2), a 3′-UTR, and a poly A-tail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China

Gao²,

Zhu³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Goose astroviruses (GoAstV) cause fatal gout and decrease product performance in the waterfowl industry across the world. Since no effective vaccines are available, studies on the epidemiology of the virus are necessary for vaccine development. In this study, we collected 94 gout samples from goose farms in the Guangdong Province of South China. Among them, 87 samples (92.6%) tested positive for GoAstV, out of which five GoAstV strains were isolated after four generations of blind transmission through healthy 13-day-old goose embryos. The whole genome of the isolates was sequenced and further analyzed by comparing the sequences with published sequences from China and other parts of the world. The results of the alignment analysis showed that nucleotide sequence similarities among the five GoAstV isolates were around 97.4–98.8%, 98.6–100%, 98.1–99.8%, and 96.7–100% for the whole genome, ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2, respectively. These results showed that the GoAstV isolates were highly similar to each other, although they were prevalent in five different regions of the Guangdong Province. The results of the phylogenetic analysis showed that the whole genome, along with the ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2 genes of the isolates, were clustered on a single branch, along with the recently published GoAstV-2, and were very distinct from the DNA sequences of the GoAstV-1 virus. In this study, we also reproduced the clinical symptoms of natural infection using the GoAstV-GD2101 isolates, confirming that the gout-causing pathogen in goslings was the goose astrovirus. These findings provided new insights into the pathogenicity and genetic evolution of GoAstV and laid the foundation for effectively controlling the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China

Gao²,

Zhu³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The number of goose astrovirus copies in the goslings’ kidneys after infection by goose astrovirus is significantly higher than in other tissues. These results suggest that the kidneys may be the target organs for goose astrovirus infection ( Liu et al, 2022 ). In addition, the number of viral copies of the spleen and liver is also very high.…”

Section: Pathological Characteristics Of Goose Astrovirusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Infection and innate immune mechanism of goose astrovirus

Jiang

Cheng

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Goose astrovirus (GAstV, genus Avian Astrovirus, family Astrovirus) was first discovered in 2005, but was not considered as a pathogen of gosling gout until 2016. Since then, goose astrovirus has erupted in Chinese goslings, causing at most 50% of gosling deaths. By December 2022, the disease had become epidemic and prevailed in goose farms in Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Guangdong, Liaoning, Sichuan and other places in China. The disease mainly affects goslings within 3 weeks old. The typical symptoms of goose astrovirus are large deposits of urate in the viscera, joint cavity and ureter surface of infected goslings. Goose astrovirus infection can trigger high levels of iNOS, limiting goose astrovirus replication. The ORF2 domain P2 of the goose astrovirus activates the OASL protein, limiting its replication. Goose astrovirus can also activate pattern recognition receptors (RIG-I, MDA-5, TLR-3), causing an increase in MHC-Ia, MHC-Ib and CD81 mRNA, activating humoral and cellular immunity, thereby hindering virus invasion. Goose astrovirus also regulates the activation of IFNs and other antiviral proteins (Mx1, IFITM3, and PKR) in the spleens and kidneys to inhibit viral replication. The innate immune response process in goslings also activates TGF-β, which may be closely related to the immune escape of goose astrovirus. Gaining insight into the infection and innate immune mechanism of goose astrovirus can help researchers study and prevent the severe disease in goslings better.

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“…By 2022, The disease had spread rapidly to other provinces in China, including Shandong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Liaoning, Guangdong, Hunan, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, and Guangxi [7][8][9]. By viral isolation, propagation, high throughput sequencing, and phylogenetic tree analysis, the disease was indentied to be caused by a novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) belonging to Avastrovirus 3 since 2017 [8,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of goose astrovirus genotypes 2 using real-timereverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification

Zhu

Wan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Goose astrovirus (GoAstV) is an important pathogen that causes joint and visceral gout in goslings. It has been circulating in many provinces of China since 2017. Goose astrovirus genotypes 2 (GoAstV-2) is the main epidemic strain, and its high morbidity and mortality have caused huge economic losses to the goose industry. An accurate point-of-care detection for GoAstV-2 is of great significance. In this study, we developed a real-time reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) method for the on-site detection of GoAstV-2 infection. Results The real-time RT-RPA reaction was carried out at a constant temperature of 39°C, and the entire detection time from nucleic acid preparation to the end of amplification was only 25 min using the portable device. The results of a specificity analysis showed that no cross-reaction was observed with other related pathogens. The detection limit of the assay was 100 RNA copies/µL. The low coefficient of variation value indicated excellent repeatability. We used 270 clinical samples to evaluate the performance of our established method, the positive concordance rates with RT-qPCR were 99.6%, and the linear regression analysis revealed a strong correlation. Conclusions The established real-time RT-RPA assay showed high rapidity, specificity and sensitivity, which can be widely applied in the laboratory, field and especially in the resource-limited settings for GoAstV-2 point-of-care diagnosis.

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A Review of Emerging Goose Astrovirus Causing Gout

Cited by 8 publications

References 105 publications

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity analysis of newly emerging gosling astrovirus in South China

Infection and innate immune mechanism of goose astrovirus

Rapid detection of goose astrovirus genotypes 2 using real-timereverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification

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