A review of durability improvement in concrete due to bacterial inclusions

Abstract

Since the invention of industrially produced Portland cement in the nineteenth century, concrete has been the world’s most frequently used construction material. Because of the significant CO2 emissions produced during cement manufacture and concrete maintenance and repair costs, sustainably improving concrete durability has become a topic of concern. Bacterial self-healing is a unique method that uses CaCO3 precipitation to repair cracks in concrete, thereby improving the structure’s durability. This review highlights the effect of bacterial treatment on concrete durability. The permeation properties, water absorption, and mechanical properties are assessed. Emphasis is laid on the selection of bacteria and bacteria nutrients. The paper overviews the morphological analysis of CaCO3 precipitation by bacterial concrete. Despite the benefits of bacterial technology in concrete, numerous critical concerns remain unresolved. Further investigation on nutrients is required to develop a multi-nutrient system that will improve the efficiency of bacterial precipitation since a good combination of low-cost nutrients would reduce the total cost of bacterial concrete.

Effect E. coli Bacteria Concentration as Self Healing on Compressive Strength and Hydrophobic Properties on Micro Cracks of Concrete

“…To make concrete hydrophobic, you can include bacteria in the manufacturing process. Some bacteria are known to be able to carry out self-healing because their metabolism can produce lime which can then fill the q pores in concrete (Bandlamudi et al, 2022;Muller et al, 2021;Orozco et al, 2022). Self-healing in concrete is the ability of concrete to repair itself when it experiences cracks.…”

“…This self-healing ability can be useful in dealing with micro-cracks. This process can occur when adding bacteria to the concrete composition (Bandlamudi et al, 2022;Qu et al, 2021). The bacteria used in this process are special bacteria that are added along with calcium-based nutrients to the concrete material during the mixing process (Riad et al, 2022).…”