A review of droughts on the African continent: a geospatial and long-term perspective

Masih, Ilyas; Maskey, Shreedhar; Mussá, F. E. F.; Trambauer, Patricia

doi:10.5194/hess-18-3635-2014

Cited by 520 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Funk, C., and A. Hoell, 2015 2015). Political instability and the high dependence of GHoA's population on rain-fed agriculture exacerbate the impacts of droughts (Love 2009;Masih et al 2014). Most areas of the GHoA experience two rainy seasons: the "long rains" during March-June as the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) crosses the equator from south to north and the "short rains" during October-December as the ITCZ returns to the south .…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining Extreme Events of 2014 from a Climate Perspective

Herring¹,

Hoerling²,

Kossin³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

117

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Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining Extreme Events of 2014 from a Climate Perspective

Herring¹,

Hoerling²,

Kossin³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

117

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“…It should be mentioned that most African countries during the last 5 decades were exposed to drought periods, which started in the 1960s and reached a peak in 1984. Consequently, these drought periods affected every African environmental system, particularly Sudan and Ethiopia (Mattsson and Rapp, 1991;Elagib and Elhag, 2011;Masih et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change under CMIP5 RCP scenarios on the streamflow in the Dinder River and ecosystem habitats in Dinder National Park, Sudan

Basheer

Lü

Omer

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The fate of seasonal river ecosystem habitats under climate change essentially depends on the changes in annual recharge of the river, which are related to alterations in precipitation and evaporation over the river basin. Therefore, the change in climate conditions is expected to significantly affect hydrological and ecological components, particularly in fragmented ecosystems. This study aims to assess the impacts of climate change on the streamflow in the Dinder River basin (DRB) and to infer its relative possible effects on the Dinder National Park (DNP) ecosystem habitats in Sudan. Four global circulation models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two statistical downscaling approaches combined with a hydrological model (SWAT -the Soil and Water Assessment Tool) were used to project the climate change conditions over the study periods 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. The results indicated that the climate over the DRB will become warmer and wetter under most scenarios. The projected precipitation variability mainly depends on the selected GCM and downscaling approach. Moreover, the projected streamflow is quite sensitive to rainfall and temperature variation, and will likely increase in this century. In contrast to drought periods during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, the predicted climate change is likely to affect ecosystems in DNP positively and promote the ecological restoration for the habitats of flora and fauna.

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“…Kisii county, that enhances convectional rainfall in the surrounding areas [3], while the lowest amount of rainfall recorded in 1984, can be attributed to drought conditions that was experienced in many parts of Africa in 1983 to 1984 [32]. Notably, the year 1997 experienced positive ENSO event while the year 2000 experienced negative ENSO event [24].…”

Section: Precipitation and Temperature Trends In Kisii Countymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Climate Variability on Food Security in Kenya: A Case Study of Kisii County

Samwel¹,

Abutto²,

Otieno³

2018

Preprint

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Climate variability and change has been found to be one of the factors that affect economies leading to food insecurity in various parts of the world. Kenya is no exception. This study looks at how climate variability has contributed to food insecurity in Kisii County, Kenya. The objectives of this study is therefore to, (i) to examine the rainfall and temperature trends in Kisii County for a period of 30 years, (ii) to examine the effect of climate variability on food production and (iii) to assess the perception of local farmers on weather and climate information, (iv) to evaluate the coping strategies adopted at household level to bridge the gap on food deficit and (v) to assess the nutritional status of children and the elderly in Kisii County. The study was conducted in the larger Kisii County. The data used was mainly rainfall and temperature data from meteorological stations and sample data gathered from selected groups. The study population comprised of children between 6 months and 59 months, household heads, elderly people and agricultural officers. Purposive sampling was used to select agricultural officers while multistage sampling was used to select respondents at household level. Primary data was collected by use of a pre-tested questionnaire. The MUAC tape was used to collect nutritional status of children while BMI data was obtained from elderly people. Mann Kendall statistic was used to determine whether the trend of rainfall and temperature observed is significant while Chi-square test was used to determine whether the coping strategies observed varied significantly at household level. From the analysis, rainfall has not shown any significant change in Kisii County while temperature trend has been significantly increasing over the years at 95% confidence level. This could explain the observed reduction in river levels. Analysis of crop production and price trends of major food crops in Kisii County showed a decreasing trend of food production leading to increase in price over the years. This meant that farmers could not produce enough to take them to the next harvesting season making farmers to adopt different coping strategies at household level which differed significantly according to Chi-Square test. Malnutrition status of both elderly people above 59 years and children between 6-59 months were similar with 23% of both children/elderly being severely malnourished/malnourished. This study has only looked at climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature. Other aspects such as depth of underground water, ph level of soil and the effects of land fragmentation also need to be looked at. This study is important to both farmers in choosing the right crop to plant, and policy makers and planners in formulating the best mitigation and intervention strategies for Kisii County food insecurity problem. This will further contribute to national efforts towards achievement of vision 2030. 3 that temperatures were projected to increase at a rate of 0.3/0.4 0 C/decade under RCP4.5/8.5 scenarios ...

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A review of droughts on the African continent: a geospatial and long-term perspective

Cited by 520 publications

References 79 publications

Explaining Extreme Events of 2014 from a Climate Perspective

Explaining Extreme Events of 2014 from a Climate Perspective

Impacts of climate change under CMIP5 RCP scenarios on the streamflow in the Dinder River and ecosystem habitats in Dinder National Park, Sudan

Assessing the Impact of Climate Variability on Food Security in Kenya: A Case Study of Kisii County

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