A Review of Different Assessment Methods of Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete

Dixit, M. D.; Gupta, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.1007/s40996-021-00644-5

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…The sources of variability may be broadly divided into three categories depending on (i) the physicochemical factors that exist in addition to the relative amount of chloride and hydroxyl ions, (ii) the choice of experimental methodology used to determine CT, 19 and (iii) inherent stochastic processes in passivity breakdown and pitting corrosion progression phenomena. 21 These factors are addressed in detail in the "Factors Influencing CT" section but suffice it to note here that when reinforcing steel is embedded in concrete, the markedly increased degree of heterogeneity at the steel surface amplifies the stochastic behavior. 20,66 It is, thus, not surprising that, as the volume of research has increased with time, the range of reported values of CT as defined above increased as well.…”

Section: Ct Variability As a Fundamental Problem Of The Ct Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Many journal publications, books, and committee documents provide comprehensive reviews on the state-of-the-art and the latest progress made on the topic. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] These reviews clearly indicate that the concept of the so-called "chloride threshold (CT)," also referred to as "critical chloride content," is at the core of a vast number of these investigations, particularly those that focus on modeling chloride transport and chloride binding processes, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] corrosion propagation, 10,18,23,24,[36][37][38][39][40][41] and corrosion-induced damage. [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] Therefore, it is not the objective of thi...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond the chloride threshold concept for predicting corrosion of steel in concrete

Angst

Isgor

Hansson

et al. 2022

Applied Physics Reviews

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All existing models to forecast the corrosion performance of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments are based on one common theoretical concept, namely, a chloride threshold, as a sharply defined trigger for corrosion, followed by a period of active corrosion. We critically review the resulting treatment of corrosion initiation and propagation as two distinct, successive stages. We conclude that this concept presents a major barrier for developing reliable corrosion forecast models, and that a new approach is needed. In reality, steel corrosion in concrete is a continuous process, that is, rarely separable into uncoupled, sequential phases. We propose that the focus be placed on the quantification of the time- and space-variant corrosion rate from the moment steel is placed in concrete until it reaches the end of the service life. To achieve this, a multi-scale and multi-disciplinary approach is required to combine the scientific and practical contributions from materials science, corrosion science, cement/concrete research, and structural engineering.

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Section: Ct Variability As a Fundamental Problem Of The Ct Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the chloride threshold concept for predicting corrosion of steel in concrete

Angst

Isgor

Hansson

et al. 2022

Applied Physics Reviews

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“…As described in [ 3 , 4 ], corrosion is the biggest problem in exploiting RC structures. Most papers about evaluating RC structures published in the last few years are strictly related to this topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Method and ACO (Amplitude-Correlation-Offset) Decomposition

Frankowski

Chady

2023

Materials

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The magnetic method is one of the very few nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques that provide the possibility to conduct area tests of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in a fast, cheap, and straightforward way. This paper aims to present a new approach to the simultaneous identification of rebars’ diameter, alloy class, and thickness of the concrete cover tested with this method. Since rebars from different manufacturers may have different electromagnetic properties (standardization only for mechanical properties), preparing an effective and universal database is impossible. In this work, ACO decomposition is proposed, a new attributes extraction method designed to identify object parameters, even if it is impossible to collect a suitable training database (by pattern recognition and analysis of the deviation). Conducted tests prove that the ACO method enables accurate reflection of the waveform shape and limitation of attributes number to three or fewer (avoiding the curse of dimensionality). These properties, combined with the ability to analyze spatial components of magnetic induction (which only magnetic sensors provide), make the complex task of identification of three parameters more straightforward and the separation between the results received for different classes larger. This article presents the measurement results and the whole identification process.

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“…Reinforced concrete (RC) is a versatile construction material used globally for its durability [1], premature failures such as the Lowe's Motor Speedway Bridge collapse in North Carolina in 2000 raised concerns [2]. Even with the ever-increasing development of sustainable materials [3][4][5][6] and use of alternative reinforcement [7], corrosion remains a worldwide issue causing millions of dollars in losses annually [8] and is a major contributor to the degradation of reinforced concrete structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and Performance of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Accelerated Corrosion

Hameed

Afzal

Javed

et al. 2023

Metals

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Steel reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures such as bridges, industrial plants, marine structures, and coastal buildings is a growing concern due to its impact on cost, safety, and serviceability. Corrosion leads to spalling, cracking, and reduced reinforcement diameter, which can compromise structural integrity. This study examines the behavior of concrete columns with corroded reinforcement in two phases. In the first phase, 72 columns of 150 × 150 mm cross-sectional dimensions and 300 mm length were cast and subjected to an accelerated corrosion technique. The study examined variables such as concrete cover, concrete strength, and corrosion exposure. The second phase involved studying the axial behavior of corroded columns concerning the effect of column length. Column specimens of 150 × 150 mm cross-sectional dimensions and lengths of 500 mm, 700 mm, and 900 mm were cast, corroded, and tested under axial compressive load. The study revealed that a 30 mm concrete cover offers 10% more protection against corrosion than a 20 mm cover. Continuous exposure to a corrosive environment reduces the load-carrying capacity by 50%, while columns with 28 MPa concrete strength can carry 4% more load. Longer columns are more susceptible to corrosion, leading to a significant reduction in load-carrying capacity and concrete cover damage. Therefore, maintaining adequate concrete cover, strength, and regular inspections are essential to address steel reinforcement corrosion and preserve structural integrity.

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A Review of Different Assessment Methods of Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete

Cited by 15 publications

References 141 publications

Beyond the chloride threshold concept for predicting corrosion of steel in concrete

Beyond the chloride threshold concept for predicting corrosion of steel in concrete

Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Method and ACO (Amplitude-Correlation-Offset) Decomposition

Behavior and Performance of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Accelerated Corrosion

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