A review of current practices to increase Chlamydia screening in the community – a consumer‐centred social marketing perspective

Phillipson, Lyn; Gordon, Ross; Telenta, Joanne; Magee, Christopher A.; Janssen, Marty

doi:10.1111/hex.12337

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(457 reference statements)

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“…The current state curriculum in Berlin, unfortunately, falls short in this respect Condoms are the only prevention method, and “HIV/AIDS” the sole STI specifically included in the curriculum [ 69 ]. Comprehensive teacher-delivered school tuition on STIs and preventive instruments could address the widespread information gap that is highlighted by our study, as could the co-optation of external providers of STI prevention education into schools [ 70 ]. Beyond schools, STI information can—and should—also be spread through other means, for example through healthcare professionals [ 71 ], social media channels [ 72 ], mass media campaigns [ 73 ], and through peer education programmes [ 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STI Knowledge in Berlin Adolescents

Rosen

Müller‐Riemenschneider

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a significant threat to individual and public health. They disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed self-rated and factual STI knowledge in a sample of 9th graders in 13 secondary schools in Berlin, Germany. Differences by age, gender, migrant background, and school type were quantified using bivariate and multivariable analyses. A total of 1177 students in 61 classes participated. The mean age was 14.6 (SD = 0.7), 47.5% were female, and 52.9% had at least one immigrant parent. Knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was widespread, but other STIs were less known. For example, 46.2% had never heard of chlamydia, 10.8% knew of the HPV vaccination, and only 2.2% were aware that no cure exists for HPV infection. While boys were more likely to describe their knowledge as good, there was no general gender superiority in factual knowledge. Children of immigrants and students in the least academic schools had lower knowledge overall. Our results show that despite their particular risk to contract an STI, adolescents suffer from suboptimal levels of knowledge on STIs beyond HIV. Urgent efforts needed to improve adolescent STI knowledge in order to improve the uptake of primary and secondary prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STI Knowledge in Berlin Adolescents

Rosen

Müller‐Riemenschneider

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…A large proportion of infections proceeds asympthomatic and undetected, yet pelvic inflammatory disease could develop with a various probability and cause infertility in up to 18 % of cases [19]. Despite screening programs have been designed and promoted recently [20], many communities and regions still have a limited access to high-quality C. trachomatis diagnostics. The advent of molecular techniques, such as PCR, holds a great promise to improve the management of infectious diseases at the population level in general.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dual-target strategy for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by real-time PCR

Vitrenko

Deryabin

2018

Biopolym. Cell

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The first-generation tests targeting a cryptic plasmid for the C. trachomatis diagnostics showed a relatively high sensitivity; however their usefulness has recently been compromised by the discovery of C. trachomatis strains lacking the target DNA segment (e.g. the "Swedish" variant) or variants bearing no plasmid at all and thus escaping the diagnostics. Aim. We propose the addition of a C. trachomatis chromosome gene as a PCR target to back up plasmidbased assays and enhance the overall efficiency of diagnostics. Methods. Two multiplexed PCRs were set up to target C. trachomatis cryptic plasmid and the 16s rRNA gene. The 16s rRNA primers produce PCR signal from a range of Chlamydia species whereas the introduction of a Taqman probe (essential for the real-time PCR) scales the assay down to C. trachomatis. At the same time, our plasmid PCR is specific to C. trachomatis exclusively. Results. The sensitivity of plasmid and 16s rRNA PCRs ranged between one to ten genome-equivalents per reaction (geq/rxn) whereas the efficiency was always ~100%. Multiplexing did not reduce the analytical sensitivity. Addition of DNA prepared from clinical specimens to the reaction mix did not affect PCR with pure C. trachomatis DNA further demonstrating the robustness of this system. The kinetics of the two reactions was compared in 49 DNA samples prepared from C. trachomatis-positive swabs. In 45, reactions showed a good correlation in the threshold cycle of amplification Cq, the main analytical parameter of real-time PCR. Conclusions. The simultaneous detection of chromosomal and plasmid targets in the multiplex PCR offers a high sensitivity and is particularly advantageous for specimens where the plasmid might be lost due to DNA degradation or counter-selection after treatment. The dual PCR strategy constitute the core of a diagnostic test for both in-house and commercial use.

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“…Dividing a heterogeneous population into smaller and manageable groups enables practitioners to understand audience characteristics and needs (Dibb, 2017;Kitunen et al, 2019) and to tailor market activities and resources accordingly to maximize return on investment (Kubacki et al, 2015;Lee, 2017). Segmentation is evident when populations are split according to single variables such as demographic, geographical, psychographical and behavioural (Dietrich, 2017;French, 2017;Kubacki et al, 2015;Phillipson et al, 2016). More complex segmentation analysis involves differentiating groups using multiple variables and data-driven techniques such as twostep cluster analysis, latent gold analysis, k-means, hierarchical clustering, p-median clustering, or bi-clustering-based market segmentation methods (Dietrich, 2017;Jones et al, 2019;Rundle-Thiele, 2013, 2019;Tkaczynski et al, 2016).…”

Section: Audience Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing household-level waste-sorting and composting behaviour: What works? A systematic review (1995–2020) of waste management interventions

et al. 2021

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Decentralized waste sorting and composting can divert almost two-thirds of household waste from landfill. However, national rates of composting and recycling remain low in many parts of the globe. This review critically evaluates the design and efficacy of behaviour-change interventions to influence households to sort and compost organic waste. The systematic literature search yielded 3595 titles and abstracts which were reviewed and resulted in 14 unique interventions. The social marketing benchmark criteria are utilized to critically examine the design of these interventions. Synthesized results indicate a need for customized interventions that are co-designed with users and tailored to address their specific needs and challenges. Interventions with four or more social marketing elements produced positive behavioural outcomes, albeit with varying impact. This review highlights gaps in the design of waste management interventions and provides suggestions for future practices.

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A review of current practices to increase Chlamydia screening in the community – a consumer‐centred social marketing perspective

Abstract: Background Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most frequently reported sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Australia, the UK and Europe. Yet, rates of screening for STIs remain low, especially in younger adults.

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

STI Knowledge in Berlin Adolescents

STI Knowledge in Berlin Adolescents

A dual-target strategy for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by real-time PCR

Influencing household-level waste-sorting and composting behaviour: What works? A systematic review (1995–2020) of waste management interventions

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