A review of biomass potential and current utilisation – Status quo for 93 biogenic wastes and residues in Germany

Brosowski, André; Thrän, Daniela; Mantau, Udo; Mahro, Bernd; Erdmann, Georgia; Adler, Philipp; Stinner, Walter; Reinhold, Gerd; Hering, Thomas; Blanke, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.10.017

Cited by 152 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, most of the secondary and tertiary residues and wastes are already used [88]. A specific and detailed assessment of biogenic by-products, residues and wastes for Germany shows that almost all untapped potential lies in cereal straw, livestock manure and logging residues [125,126]. Two problems are associated with these categories of biomass residues: On the one hand, the removal of crop residues (e.g., straw) can decrease soil organic carbon and induce additional CO 2 emissions [127].…”

Section: Technology Fix and Limitations In Biomass Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioeconomy Strategies: Contexts, Visions, Guiding Implementation Principles and Resulting Debates

Meyer

2017

Sustainability

155

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Over the last decade, bioeconomy policies, guided by integrated bioeconomy strategies, have developed. This paper presents a systematic and comparative analysis of official bioeconomy strategies of the EU, Germany, OECD, Sweden and the USA with regard to their context, visions and guiding implementation principles. In an additional step, the relationship between these strategies and important scientific and societal debates around bioeconomy is assessed. In conclusion, five major stumbling blocks for the further development of the bioeconomy are worked out. First, there is the risk of disappointment because far-reaching promises of the strategies are difficult to achieve. Second, the bioeconomy is not the only way to a low carbon economy so alternatives could impede the desired development. Third, persistent conflicts between the different uses of biomass for food, material and energy production could lead to unstable policy support with short-term shifts. Fourth, a broader success of new bioeconomy value chains could trigger new societal conflicts over bioeconomy if efficiency gains, cascading use, residue use and sustainability certification are not sufficient to ensure a sustainable supply of biomass. Fifth, the acceptance of bioeconomy could be compromised if bioeconomy policies continue to ignore the on-going societal debates on agriculture and food.

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Section: Technology Fix and Limitations In Biomass Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioeconomy Strategies: Contexts, Visions, Guiding Implementation Principles and Resulting Debates

Meyer

2017

Sustainability

155

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“…The byproducts from rural areas are a resource of latent energy; they can cause greenhouse gas emissions as well as agro-environmental problem [2]. MIFAFF [3] estimated that 50 million tons of organic wastes in agriculture are produced out of 80 million tones every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Characteristics of Ammonium Nitrogen and Plant Responses to Biochar Pellet

et al. 2018

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For feasibility of carbon sequestration as well as in the mitigation of greenhouse gases for application of biochar pellet, this experiment was conducted, focusing on the adsorption characteristics of NH 4 -N on biochar pellet mixed with different ratios of pig manure compost. For NH 4 -N adsorption on biochar pellets, the loading amount of biochar pellet was 211.5 mg in 50 mL of aqueous solution, and the adsorption fitted very well with Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption and removal rates were 2.94 mg g −1 and 92.2%, respectively, in the pellet that contained 90% of biochar. It was also observed, by kinetic models, that NH 4 -N was adsorbed fast on biochar pellet with a combination ratio of 9:1 of biochar pellet/pig manure. It was further observed that the higher the amount of biochar contained in the biochar pellet, the greater the adsorption of NH 4 -N. For the plant response observed for lettuce, it was shown that the leaf biomass in plots treated with a 9:1 biochar/pig manure compost increased by approximately 13% compared with the leaf biomass in plots treated with the compost alone. The leaf biomass of the other treatments was higher than that of the control. This implies that the application of biochar pellets, regardless of the biochar contents, might be useful for soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation for agricultural practices.

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“…Given short timescales for power variations, bioenergy plants can make a contribution both to grid stabilisation (with < 15 min reaction time) and the balancing of residual load (> 15 min reaction time). Meanwhile, when interpreting technical potentials for flexible bioelectricity supply, not only uncertainties regarding ecologically sustainable biomass potentials need to be taken into account [46,47]. There are also uncertainties about the future utilisation of biomass in sectors other than the power sector, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…concerning FIP payments in hours with negative electricity prices) and the diffusion of new flexible technologies [45]. Finally, when discussing expansion potentials for bioenergy, ecologically sustainable biomass potentials available for energetic uses are relevant [46,47]. However, given the current political debate, we do not analyse what level of expansion would be feasible and sustainable given biomass potentials but focus on the question whether the role of bioenergy as a flexibility option justifies continued political support for installations and technology development.…”

Section: Relevant Concepts: Flexibility Incentives and Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of flexible power generation from biomass to a secure and cost-effective electricity supply—a review of potentials, incentives and obstacles in Germany

et al. 2018

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Background: With wind power and photovoltaics, volatile renewables have emerged as central pillars of the energy transition. This increases the demand for flexibility options to compensate fluctuations in power generation. Focussing on the role of bioenergy as a renewable flexibility option, this article seeks to address two questions. The first is whether there is an option value of bioenergy as a provider of low-carbon flexibility in a future power system, which might justify continued technology-specific deployment support. The second question is whether existing market and policy incentives are effective in activating flexibility potentials, and what perspectives exist for increasing flexibility incentives. Methods: The article follows an interdisciplinary approach. First, technical potentials for flexible bioenergy plants and potential systemic contributions are examined. This is followed by an economic assessment of what flexibility incentives are provided by relevant market and policy framework conditions. Findings: Power from biomass can be well suited to provide flexible generation for grid stabilisation and residual load balancing. Biogas plants require an increase of nominal power over rated power, whereas the technical flexibilisation potential of solid biomass plants depends on specific technologies. Particularly, small-scale combined heat and power systems can deliver fast responses. For existing biogas plants, the Renewable Energy Sources Act's (EEG) flexibility premium and balancing market revenues have incentivised some changes in the production behaviour and investments in plant flexibilisation. However, decreasing spot market price levels and decreasing price variance reduce incentive strength. This also limits flexibilisation incentives for solid biomass plants. For new biogas plants, the EEG's remuneration rules set effective flexibility incentives, but 2014 reductions in remuneration rates have significantly slowed down the expansion. Conclusions: Given high technical potentials for flexibility provision, there is an option value of keeping bioelectricity in the technology mix until more is known about its future competitiveness with other low-carbon flexibility options. To maintain this option value, there is a case for setting policy incentives in a way that continued technological development remains possible. A stringent climate policy could accelerate structural change in the electricity sector, to allow for market price signals which incentivise low-carbon flexibility provision.

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A review of biomass potential and current utilisation – Status quo for 93 biogenic wastes and residues in Germany

Cited by 152 publications

References 13 publications

Bioeconomy Strategies: Contexts, Visions, Guiding Implementation Principles and Resulting Debates

Bioeconomy Strategies: Contexts, Visions, Guiding Implementation Principles and Resulting Debates

Adsorption Characteristics of Ammonium Nitrogen and Plant Responses to Biochar Pellet

Contributions of flexible power generation from biomass to a secure and cost-effective electricity supply—a review of potentials, incentives and obstacles in Germany

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