A review of available techniques for determination of nano-antimicrobials activity

Hoseinzadeh, Edris; Makhdoumi, Pouran; Taha, Parisa; Hossini, Hooshyar; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Rastegar, Seyed Omid; Stelling, John

doi:10.1080/15569543.2016.1237527

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar conclusions were made in the studies on bacterial biofilms formed on hydroxyapatites [ 52 ]. Interestingly, some lethal effect of hydrogels with fluconazole on R. mucilaginosa biofilm was observed, in the contradiction to the results obtained in the experiment with the activity of pure fluconazole on planktonic cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

New Approach to Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole Incorporated into the Porous 6-Anhydro-α-l-Galacto-β-d-Galactan Structures Modified with Nanohydroxyapatite for Chronic-Wound Treatments—In Vitro Evaluation

Rewak‐Soroczyńska

Sobierajska

Targońska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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New fluconazole-loaded, 6-anhydro-α-L-galacto-β-D-galactan hydrogels incorporated with nanohydroxyapatite were prepared and their physicochemical features (XRD, X-ray Diffraction; SEM-EDS, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy; ATR-FTIR, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), fluconazole release profiles and enzymatic degradation were determined. Antifungal activity of pure fluconazole was tested using Candida species (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabarata), Cryptococcus species (C. neoformans, C. gatti) and Rhodotorula species (R. mucilaginosa, R. rubra) reference strains and clinical isolates. Standard microdilution method was applied, and fluconazole concentrations of 2–250 µg/mL were tested. Moreover, biofilm production ability of tested isolates was tested on the polystyrene surface at 28 and 37 ± 0.5 °C and measured after crystal violet staining. Strains with the highest biofilm production ability were chosen for further analysis. Confocal microscopy photographs were taken after live/dead staining of fungal suspensions incubated with tested hydrogels (with and without fluconazole). Performed analyses confirmed that polymeric hydrogels are excellent drug carriers and, when fluconazole-loaded, they may be applied as the prevention of chronic wounds fungal infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

New Approach to Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole Incorporated into the Porous 6-Anhydro-α-l-Galacto-β-d-Galactan Structures Modified with Nanohydroxyapatite for Chronic-Wound Treatments—In Vitro Evaluation

Rewak‐Soroczyńska

Sobierajska

Targońska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…This concentration is then compared to a table produced by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) to determine if a bacterium is susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to the antibiotic [ 11 ]. This method also allows researchers to determine the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that is able to eliminate 99.9% bacteria, also known as the minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) [ 13 ]. The test tubes or wells can be viewed under a microscope to determine this concentration.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Overview of Antibiotic Selection and the Factors Affecting It

Patel

Bunachita²,

Agarwal³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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In order to prescribe an antibiotic, a physician must go through a series of decision-making processes that involve both the drug and the host. In this review article, we outline exactly what those decision-making processes are and some of their limitations. Before a medication can be prescribed, a physician has to determine if the antibiotic works against the host pathogen. To do this, basic science techniques are employed including phenotypic methods such as broth dilution methods, Kirby-Bauer susceptibility testing, Epsilometer test (E-test), and genotypic methods such as the new and upcoming automated tests. After determining if a drug has potential to work, the physician must consider the drug’s mechanism of action in order to determine a dosing regimen. Some groups of drugs should be administered at high concentrations infrequently, others should be given more frequently in smaller doses, and others lie somewhere between this spectrum. Finally, external factors such as the patient's age, especially for pediatrics and geriatrics patients, need to be considered, as these groups have the highest health care burden but are among the most vulnerable when it comes to the side effects of drugs.

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“…Therefore, the electrode surface carried a positive charge when the bioreactor was maintained above pH 5.5, while a negative charge would be dominant when the pH was below 5.5. Biofilm development on the electrodes at different working pH values could then be perceived in terms of surface charge interaction (Hoseinzadeh et al, 2014(Hoseinzadeh et al, , 2017a. As the pH zpc of the inoculant biomass was 6.7, it can be concluded that the bacteria cells experienced a repulsion force during the initial adhesion step.…”

Section: Ph Zpc Of Biofilm and Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the parabolic dependence of biofilm cell density on an electrode when a current is applied, the surface property of the electrodes, as well as the bacteria, must be evaluated. Determining the charge types of the surfaces (i.e., the electrodes and biofilm) could directly lead to a qualitative judgment of the type of interaction (attraction or interaction) between bacteria and the surface (Hoseinzadeh et al, 2014(Hoseinzadeh et al, , 2017a. When an electrode was maintained at a smaller potential, the biomass cells experienced a repulsion force in the initial adhesion step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low Frequency-Low Voltage Alternating Electric Current on Apoptosis Progression in Bioelectrical Reactor Biofilm

Hoseinzadeh

Wei

Farzadkia

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Bioelectrochemical systems have undergone several modifications to promote the enzymes or pathways used to reduce the energy required for microbial metabolism. Changes in dominant bacteria, population, and growth rates occur when an electric current is applied intermittently. Applying electricity to bioelectrical reactor (BER) biofilms can either stimulate cells or lead to cell death; therefore, determining the applied voltage range that leads to viable and stimulated bacteria is crucial. We investigated the progression of apoptosis induced by a low frequency-low voltage alternating electric current (AC) in a BER biofilm and found that biofilms on carbon cloth (CC) and stainless steel (SS) 304 electrodes had pH zpc values of 8.67. The pH zpc of the biofilms increased by two compared to that of the inoculant bacteria mass. Furthermore, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation reveals that the compositions of cell walls of the biofilms that formed on the CC and SS304 electrodes are very similar. In contrast, the CC and SS304 biofilms differ from the inoculant biomass without the influence of an AC field; this indicates that there are differences in the compositions of the cell walls in the present bacteria. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to compare spectra of the biofilms with that of the inoculation mass, and there were differences in shape and absorbance intensity, indicating variability in the composition, and quantity of each individual biofilm component. In addition, the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) content varied under different applied voltages; the highest DHA was obtained at 8 Vpp. A flow cytometry analysis showed a relatively low number of apoptotic cells (10.93 ± 5.19%) for the AC amplitudes studied. Thus, a low voltage-low frequency AC likely induces significant changes in bacterial metabolic activity but causes no significant change in their viability.

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A review of available techniques for determination of nano-antimicrobials activity

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

New Approach to Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole Incorporated into the Porous 6-Anhydro-α-l-Galacto-β-d-Galactan Structures Modified with Nanohydroxyapatite for Chronic-Wound Treatments—In Vitro Evaluation

New Approach to Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole Incorporated into the Porous 6-Anhydro-α-l-Galacto-β-d-Galactan Structures Modified with Nanohydroxyapatite for Chronic-Wound Treatments—In Vitro Evaluation

A Comprehensive Overview of Antibiotic Selection and the Factors Affecting It

Effects of Low Frequency-Low Voltage Alternating Electric Current on Apoptosis Progression in Bioelectrical Reactor Biofilm

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