A review of advanced materials, structures and deformation modes for adaptive energy dissipation and structural crashworthiness

Magliaro, John; Altenhof, William; Alpas, A.T.

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2022.109808

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 367 publications

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“…Because of their excellent energy absorption capacity, thin-walled structures have been widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, automobiles, and other fields. [1][2][3] Thin-walled structures are divided into singletube, multi-tube, and multi-cell structures depending on their cross-sectional forms. [4][5][6] According to the research, 7,8 multi-cell tubes have more angular cells and a higher energy absorption efficiency than single-tube and multi-tube structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy absorption characteristics of stepped multi-cell columns subjected to transverse loading

Li,

Hu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Automotive bumper beam is a vital component that shields passenger and vehicle from harm and damage generated by catastrophic collapse. Previous investigations on its bending behavior have largely concentrated on multi-cell tubes with the same length, whereas stepped multi-cell structures have received less attention. In this paper, a novel stepped multi-cell configuration is proposed to improve the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled structures under transverse loading. The finite element method is employed to analyze the crushing behaviors of the stepped multi-cell tubes. The numerical results reveal that the stepped multi-cell structures (SM2 to SM5) can reduce the initial peak force by 23.44–45.91% while increasing the energy absorption capacity, crush load efficiency, and specific energy absorption by 5.87–29.51, 38.29–139.45, and 5.87–29.51%, respectively, when compared to a conventional square tube (M1). In addition, the effects of wall thickness, section width, load angle, punch radius, and punch shape on the bending behaviors and energy absorption characteristics are examined. The results indicate that these factors have a considerable influence on the deformation features of M1 and SM2, which leads to a significant reduction in their bending energy absorption characteristics. These variables have no influence on the deformation modes of SM3, SM4, and SM5, and they present local indentation deformation with a high energy absorption efficiency. Increasing the number of layers improves the comprehensive performance of stepped multi-cell tubes, with SM5 exhibiting the best energy absorption characteristics under transverse loading.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy absorption characteristics of stepped multi-cell columns subjected to transverse loading

Li,

Hu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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“…[1][2][3] Thus, numerous research studies have been conducted in recent decades to improve the energy absorption performance of metallic thin-walled tubes, 4,5 and several novel material and structure configurations have been proposed in the literature. [6][7][8] Recently, thin-walled tubes made of composite materials such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) are of great interest thanks to their excellent weight to energy absorption capacities. [9][10][11] Among them, GFRP tubes have gained increasing attention due to their economic and rapid manufacturability as well as the precise adjustability of their thickness, weaving angle and resin properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of traditional metals such as steel and aluminum has been predominant over the years for thin‐walled energy‐absorbing tubes in automotive, railway and many other industries thanks to their stable progressive deformation behavior and high‐energy absorption capacities under different crash conditions 1–3 . Thus, numerous research studies have been conducted in recent decades to improve the energy absorption performance of metallic thin‐walled tubes, 4,5 and several novel material and structure configurations have been proposed in the literature 6–8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of triggering on the axial crushing behavior of GFRP tubes: Experimental investigation and optimization

Baykasoğlu,

Erdin

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Composite thin‐walled tubes made of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) are attracting great attention due to their lightweight and outstanding crashworthiness capacity. Implementing triggers to the design of GFRP composite tubes enables a further increase in specific energy absorption while simultaneously reducing peak crushing force. Motivated by these facts, a notch‐type triggering mechanism is suggested in this work to enhance the energy absorption capabilities of circular GFRP composite tubes. GFRP tube samples with (0°/90°)8 layups are manufactured using the roll wrapping process. Subsequently, these samples are triggered and subjected to quasi‐static axial compression tests. The diameter, quantity and placement of the triggering notches are selected as design parameters, and experiments are carried out using Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. Each of these parameters has three levels to identify the optimal combination of design parameters. To optimize multiple responses, the weighted aggregated sum product assessment, a multiple criteria decision‐making technique, is employed in conjunction with mono‐criteria optimization. The findings indicated that substantial enhancements can be realized in all parameters related to energy absorption performance by triggering progressive crushing modes in a controlled manner using a notch‐type triggering mechanism. In particular, the findings indicated that the specific energy absorption and the crush force efficiency of the intact GFRP composite tubes could be improved up to 18% and 68.3%, respectively, by the selection of appropriate triggering parameters.Highlights Axial crushing and optimal design of triggered GFRP tubes are investigated Number, diameter, and center distance of the notches are chosen as parameters Taguchi experimental design is used for the best configuration of parameters The optimum configurations are investigated using the entropy‐WASPAS Significant improvements are achieved using the trigger mechanism

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“…[12][13][14][15][16] Based on the results from tests and numerical evaluation, theoretical methods were proposed, which demonstrated high accuracy in predicting the mechanical performance of FMLs. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Li et al 23 proposed a novel FRP/steel-concrete composite beam consisting of a concrete slab and an innovative hybrid FRP/steel hollow box shell. The simplified design method was discussed, and a bending test was conducted to study the mechanical properties of this hybrid beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile behavior of CFRP-Steel composite laminates

Chu

Shi

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Carbon-fiber/epoxy steel composite laminate (CSL) is a type of fiber metal laminate formed by stacking thin layers of carbon-fiber/epoxy and steel sheet. To investigate the stress–strain relationship under monotonic tensile and cyclic tensile, comprehensive experiments were conducted on five groups, including four groups of CSL specimens with different steel volume fractions (SVF) and one group of control steel plate specimens. Furthermore, stable post-yield modules and comparatively small residual deformation could be observed from CSLs curves. Based on the experimental failure mode, the theoretical models were proposed, and the numerical simulation was established, and verified by the test results. Theoretical calculations and numerical analysis were performed to estimate the effect of varying the SVF on the mechanical performance of the CSL, particularly in the absorption and energy dissipation coefficients.

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A review of advanced materials, structures and deformation modes for adaptive energy dissipation and structural crashworthiness

Cited by 24 publications

References 367 publications

Energy absorption characteristics of stepped multi-cell columns subjected to transverse loading

Energy absorption characteristics of stepped multi-cell columns subjected to transverse loading

Effect of triggering on the axial crushing behavior of GFRP tubes: Experimental investigation and optimization

Tensile behavior of CFRP-Steel composite laminates

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