A review: Immunological markers for malignant salivary gland tumors

Abstract

Salivary gland cancers are rare. Around 8 out of 10 salivary gland tumors (80%) are in the parotid. Just fewer than 2 out of 10 salivary gland cancers develop in the other two salivary glands - the submandibular or sublingual glands. Fewer than 1 in 10 cancers start in the minor salivary glands. There are many different types of salivary gland cancers. The most common is mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Just over 3 out of 10 (25-35%) salivary gland cancers (SGT, SGC) are of this type. The others include adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), acinic cell carcinoma, carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (Ca-PA), polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) and some newly discovered salivary gland tumors. Because of the infrequency of salivary gland tumors and their complex histopathological diagnosis, it is difficult to exactly predict their clinical course by means of its recurrence, malignant progression or metastasis. Salivary gland tumors always pose problems in diagnosis. This review provides an insight into the recent concepts and immunohistochemical markers to diagnose the malignant salivary gland tumors (SGT), thus guiding the Ear, Nose and Throat specialists, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, General Pathologists and other medical and dental specialists thereby enabling them to make correct diagnosis and provide the appropriate treatment.

Cutaneous Metastasis of a Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Pancreas: First Reported Case

“…19 It accounts for 49% of pediatric and 24% of adult salivary gland carcinomas. 20 Previous case reports have described mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung, breast, penis, liver, and thymus, however, very few tumors originating in the pancreas have been documented in the literature.…”

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Tongue: A Case Report & Review of Literature

“…Patients with p1 tumors had a higher recurrence rate in comparison with p2 patients 2 . ACC was consistently positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/3, CK 34bE12, CK5/6, CK7, CK14, CK18, p63, CA19-9, c-KIT (CD117), PDGFRA, MUC1, and Ki-67, EMA, CEA, CAM5.2, p53, CD10, S-100 protein and synaptophysin and consistently negative for CK8, CK20, desmin, CD34, chromogranin, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6 8 . ACCs displayed well organized basal-luminal differentiation, highlighted by CK5/CK7 immunostaining.…”

“…Although almost 40 histological types of SGTs exist, some are exceedingly rare 8 .Histopathologically, AdCC is identified as a tumor with biphasic differentiation of epithelial and myoepithelial cell (MEC), which often shows mixed patterns of cribriform, tubular and solid types 9 . Here we report a case of AdCC in 60yr old female patient on the anterolateral surface of mobile part of the tongue.…”

Reoperation following the use of non‑standardized procedures for malignant parotid tumors

“…Salivary gland cancer is rare, with an overall incidence of between 2.5 and 3.0 cases per 100,000 individuals globally, accounting for <3.0-5.0% of all head and neck cancer (1). Almost 80% of salivary gland tumor occurs in the parotid gland, which are challenging to differentially diagnose (2).…”