A Review: Analysis of Metal and Mineral Content in the Complexity of Sidoarjo Hot Mud as a Source of Renewable Energy in Indonesia

Abstract

The Sidoarjo Hot Mud is a phenomenon of mudflow caused by exploration activities of PT. Lapindo Brantas since 2006. The purpose of this article is to provide information related to the empowerment of the Sidoarjo Hot Mud which has the potential as alternative source of renewable energy: source of electrical energy and biodiesel catalyst. Based on XRF results on samples at two locations: the center of the eruption and Lusi Island, it showed that there were various metallic elements and oxide minerals. Based on the results, the Sidoarjo Hot Mud from the center of the eruption resulted in potential difference of 8.8 V and electric power of 7.07135 watts/hour (8 circuits). The hot mud samples of Lusi Island produced potential difference of 4.38 V and electric power of 3.5196 watts/hour (3 circuits); 5.84 V and 4.6928 watts/hour (4 circuits). The silica mineral in the center of the eruption was 45.0% (radius 500 m), 45.3% (radius 1000 m), and 43.3% (radius 2000 m), while on Lusi Island it was 43.8%. Based on these results, the Sidoarjo mud has the potential to be used as a source of renewable energy in Indonesia, as a source of electrical energy and for synthesis for biodiesel catalyst.

Initial extraction of sodium silicate from sidoarjo mud by alkaline fusion and water leaching

“…In this study, sodium silicate extraction was carried out because sodium silicate and its derivatives have various benefits in industry. The silicate content in Sidoarjo mud is very high, namely 45.3% [ 34 , 35 ], this can be an alternative source of raw materials for silicate production, increasing the economic value of a material and preliminary studies to determine suitable technology for the extraction of valuable metals in Sidoarjo mud. To achieve this goal, two stages were carried out, namely the decomposition of silicate from the Sidoarjo mud with the addition of Na 2 CO 3 and water leaching to dissolve the sodium silicate formed.…”