A Retrospective Study of Clinical and Etiological Profiles of Patients Presenting With Pancytopenia

Abstract

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in the management of pancytopenia. A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken at ZMCH,DAHOD. All eligible participants more than 13 years of age were included. A thorough history taking along with clinical examination and laboratory investigations were performed among the study population. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 13. The most common nding suggestive of etiology was megaloblastic anemia at 38.4%, which was more common among females. Aplastic anemia was the second most common nding at 24.6%. Other diagnoses included hypersplenism, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukemia. Fever and pallor were the most common presenting symptoms. Blood examinations demonstrated anisopoikilocytosis, hypersegmented neutrophils, erythroblasts, macrocytes and reticulocytes, which were found in differing proportions in the various etiological diagnoses.It is noteworthy that megaloblastic anemia, a reversible condition, is common in India compared to the higher occurrence of aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in developed nations