A retrospective study of 296 cases of intra uterine fetal deaths at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: To identify the risk factors and to streamline preventive and management protocols for IUD. Methods: This was a retrospective study from January 2011 to December 2012 which was conducted at G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur. IUD was defined as fetal death beyond 20 weeks of gestation and/or birth weight > 500g. Maternal and fetal records were analysed. Mode of delivery and associated complications were studied. Results: Total number of deliveries were 7310.Incidence of IUD at our centre was 40 per 1000. 55.73% were antepartum and 11.06% were intra partum. In 33.44% cases, no causes were identified. Among the identifiable causes, very severe anemia (16.55%) and hypertensive disorders (10.81%) were most common followed by placental causes (12.16%).Congenital malformations were responsible for 9.45% cases .Induction was done in 151 patients,111 patients had spontaneous onset of labour and caesarean section was done in 34 patients. The most devastating complication of IUD was DIC found in 14 patients (3.71%). Conclusions: The present study is an effort to compile a profile of maternal, fetal and placental causes culminating to IUD at our centre. This emphasizes the importance of proper antenatal care and identification of risk factors and its treatment. Institutional deliveries should be promoted to prevent intrapartum fetal deaths .A substantial number of IUD are still labeled as unexplained, hence cannot be prevented. Decrease in the incidence of IUD would significantly reduce the perinatal mortality. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(2.000): 141-146

A retrospective study to evaluate etiological factors associated with intrauterine fetal death at tertiary referral centre

“…Although the perinatal mortality has reduced over last few decades, the intrauterine fetal deaths still remain exceptionally high. 8 The incidence of IUFD in our study was found to be 36.17/1000 live births, In the study from upper part of India conducted by Singh N et al 9 incidence was 40/1000, while in the study conducted by Patel S et al 10 incidence was 22.2/1000 live birth. Rate of stillbirths vary greatly in different studies and regions.…”

Epidemiology of Intrauterine Fetal Deaths: A Study In Tertiary Referral Centre In Uttarakhand

“…It was observed in the present study that 19.5% fetal deaths were in this category. Neetu singh et al found 33% unexplained fetal deaths in their study of 296 cases of IUFD [10]. These deaths occur in late pregnancies and sometimes even in women with regular antenatal care.…”

Intrauterine fetal demise-a tragic event: a study of its epidemiology, causes and methods of induction

“…Maximum number of IUFD occurred in primi (44.5%) , followed by second gravida (37.5%) 3 rd gravida10% and in 4 th and 5 th gravida it was 7% respectively. In the study by neetu singh et al 7 it was found that the incidence was maximum in primigravida (25%) followed in order 17%, 18% and 24% in grandmultiparity according to increase in parity.…”

“…There were 19.5% women where no causative factor was found for intrauterine fetal demise. Singh Neetu et al 7 found 33% unexplained fetal deaths in their study of 296 cases of IUFD Over the years the causative factors responsible for IUFD have changed. There was an observation that not only the incidence is reducing in developed countries, but the patterns of etiologies are also changing syphilis and other infections are no longer significant.…”

“…In a Retrospective study by SinghNeetu et al 7 incidence of IUFD reported was 40 per 1000. The reason for high incidence is that our centre is a Tertiary referral centre.…”