A Restoration Oriented Hbim System for Cultural Heritage Documentation: The Case Study of Parma Cathedral

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The need to safeguard and preserve Cultural Heritage (CH) is increasing and especially in Italy, where the amount of historical buildings is considerable, having efficient and standardized processes of CH management and conservation becomes strategic. At the time being, there are no tools capable of fulfilling all the specific functions required by Cultural Heritage documentation and, due to the complexity of historical assets, there are no solution as flexible and customizable as CH specific needs require. Nevertheless, BIM methodology can represent the most effective solution, on condition that proper methodologies, tools and functions are made available. The paper describes an ongoing research on the implementation of a Historical BIM system for the Parma cathedral, aimed at the maintenance, conservation and restoration. Its main goal was to give a concrete answer to the lack of specific tools required by Cultural Heritage documentation: organized and coordinated storage and management of historical data, easy analysis and query, time management, 3D modelling of irregular shapes, flexibility, user-friendliness, etc. The paper will describe the project and the implemented methodology, focusing mainly on survey and modelling phases. In describing the methodology, critical issues about the creation of a HBIM will be highlighted, trying to outline a workflow applicable also in other similar contexts.

Initial data preparation for 3D modelling of heritage building

“…The results of the current case study were analyzed as well as compared with the similar studies in the scientific literature (Pavlovskis et al, 2016;D'Amico & Currà, 2017;Bruno & Roncella, 2018). The SWOT analysis identified several strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities and threats during initial data preparation and 3D model development (Table 2).…”

“…Research methods and tools -initial data collection by historical drawing analysis, manual measurement, photogrammetry methods, and "As-Built" 3D model creation. The results of the current case study were analyzed as well as compared with the similar studies in the scientific literature (Pavlovskis, Antuchevičienė, & Migilinskas, 2016;D'Amico & Currà, 2017;Bruno & Roncella, 2018). The SWOT analysis identified initial data preparation and 3D model development strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.…”

Using Drones and 3D Modeling to Survey Tibetan Architectural Heritage: A Case Study with the Multi-Door Stupa

“…A mesh surface can accurately represent the irregular shapes of architectural heritage and their as-built conditions, but it is rarely manageable in a BIM environment. As most BIM software today is oriented for new design, a reasonable methodology recently proposed by [39] is based on hybrid modeling solutions: distinguishing the Level of Accuracy (LoA), Level of Detail (LoD), and Level of Knowledge (LK) with reference to existing technical standards and features of studied architectural heritage and then using suitable modeling techniques (e.g., 2D mapping, Loft, using a non-uniform rational B-spline format as a medium) to achieve the aims.…”

Hbim for the Surveying, Analysis and Restoration of the Saint John the Theologian Cathedral in Nicosia (Cyprus)

“…In recent years there has been an increasing experimentation of the BIM approach in the field of Cultural Heritage in order to assess its adequacy for documentation, restoration and management of historical heritage (Brumana et al, 2017;Bruno et al, 2018;Della Torre et al, 2019) . In a first phase the interest of the researchers has been mainly focused on the problems related to the passage from the point clouds to the creation of parametric models of architectural components of the studied buildings; problems that today are addressed towards approaches ranging from procedural modeling (with a high level of geometric abstraction) to the digital clone that preserves all the geometric irregularities of the surfaces (much more suitable in the case of documentation aimed at restoration).…”