A Report of Four Cases of Blackwater Fever after Quinine Treatment at Zinder National Hospital, Niger Republic

Doutchi, Mahamadou; Hassane, Diongolé; Zeinabou, Moussa Tondi Maiga; Aboubacar, I.; Osseini, Ali; Adamou, Harissou; Abdoul-Aziz, Garba; Alkassoum, Ibrahim; Laminou, Ibrahim Maman; Adehossi, Eric

doi:10.1155/2019/2346087

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(55 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In SSA, there is a paucity of data on the role of ACT in the causation or prevention of BWF. Earlier data reported that BWF was associated with quinine, the first-line drug for treating severe malaria two decades ago [ 26 ] or where it is still in use [ 27 ]. There have been postulations that artemisinin-based combinations fast-acting intra-erythrocyte activity results in death to malaria parasites, causing pitting of the infected red blood cells and resulting in premature apoptosis, autoimmune and spleen-driven lysis, culminating in massive haemolysis [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual clinical spectra of childhood severe malaria during malaria epidemic in eastern Uganda: a prospective study

Namayanja

Eregu

Ongodia

et al. 2023

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), malaria remains a public health problem despite recent reports of declining incidence. Severe malaria is a multiorgan disease with wide-ranging clinical spectra and outcomes that have been reported to vary by age, geographical location, transmission intensity over time. There are reports of recent malaria epidemics or resurgences, but few data, if any, focus on the clinical spectrum of severe malaria during epidemics. This describes the clinical spectrum and outcomes of childhood severe malaria during the disease epidemic in Eastern Uganda. Methods This prospective cohort study from October 1, 2021, to September 7, 2022, was nested within the ‘Malaria Epidemiological, Pathophysiological and Intervention studies in Highly Endemic Eastern Uganda’ (TMA2016SF-1514-MEPIE Study) at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda. Children aged 60 days to 12 years who at admission tested positive for malaria and fulfilled the clinical WHO criteria for surveillance of severe malaria were enrolled on the study. Follow-up was performed until day 28. Data were collected using a customized proforma on social demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes. Laboratory analyses included complete blood counts, malaria RDT (SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag P.f/Pan, Ref. 05FK60-40-1) and blood slide, lactate, glucose, blood gases and electrolytes. In addition, urinalysis using dipsticks (Multistix® 10 SG, SIEMENS, Ref.2300) at the bedside was done. Data were analysed using STATA V15.0. The study had prior ethical approval. Results A total of 300 participants were recruited. The median age was 4.6 years, mean of 57.2 months and IQR of 44.5 months. Many children, 164/300 (54.7%) were under 5 years, and 171/300 (57.0%) were males. The common clinical features were prostration 236/300 (78.7%), jaundice in 205/300 (68.3%), severe malarial anaemia in 158/300 (52.7%), black water fever 158/300 (52.7%) and multiple convulsions 51/300 (17.0%), impaired consciousness 50/300(16.0%), acidosis 41/300(13.7%), respiratory distress 26/300(6.7%) and coma in 18/300(6.0%). Prolonged hospitalization was found in 56/251 (22.3%) and was associated with acidosis, P = 0.041. The overall mortality was 19/300 (6.3%). Day 28 follow-up was achieved in 247/300 (82.3%). Conclusion During the malaria epidemic in Eastern Uganda, severe malaria affected much older children and the spectrum had more of prostration, jaundice severe malarial anaemia, black water fever and multiple convulsions with less of earlier reported respiratory distress and cerebral malaria.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual clinical spectra of childhood severe malaria during malaria epidemic in eastern Uganda: a prospective study

Namayanja

Eregu

Ongodia

et al. 2023

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Blackwater fever (BWF) is a rare event in severe malaria and is a representation of acute intravascular haemolysis [17]. It is mainly associated with infection by Plasmodium falciparum but has also been documented in Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and mixed infections [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blackwater Fever in Pregnancy With Severe Falciparum Malaria: A Case of Imported Malaria From Nigeria to the United Kingdom During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Isles¹,

Chitrakar²,

Patel³

et al. 2021

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present the case of imported malaria in pregnancy to the United Kingdom (UK) from Nigeria, where a 28year-old primigravida presented to our maternity assessment unit (MAU) with complaints of pyrexia, rigors and passing dark coloured urine. She gave a travel history of recent migration from Nigeria 10 days before presenting to our emergency department.She initially became unwell five days after her arrival with general malaise and myalgia. On day six, she developed lower abdominal pain and observed that her urine was dark in colour. This prompted her to contact her general practitioner (GP). Treatment for a urinary tract infection was initiated by the GP after a phone consultation in keeping with COVID-19 contingency guidance, and the patient was prescribed antibiotics for three days.She presented to the emergency department two days after completing the course of antibiotics where she complained of worsening pelvic pain, reduced foetal movements and passing black urine. She was treated as suspected COVID-19 and red flag sepsis. Obstetric review led to investigation and diagnosis of severe malaria in pregnancy, which was accompanied by blackwater fever (BWF). The patient recovered after three doses of artesunate. An ultrasound scan of the foetus revealed a congenital cardiac anomaly, which had not been detected in an earlier scan. There was no evidence of congenital malaria in the neonate after delivery.There are several novel aspects in this case as maternal mortality in severe Plasmodium falciparum can be significantly high. Those who survive the disease in pregnancy are also known to develop several complications such as intrauterine death and preterm labour. There was also the component of blackwater fever, which is a rare event associated with severe malaria, and it also has a mortality rate. Significant in her medical history was a diagnosis of the sickle cell trait, and we postulate that this feature gave an added protection from the complications of severe malaria in pregnancy as well as blackwater fever.

show abstract

“…Blackwater fever (BWF) is a collection of clinical syndrome occurring as complication of severe malarial infection. This BWF portrayed by intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and acute renal failure in patient exposed to the hemoflagellata P. falciparum [62] and, to some extent, in malaria (+) patient who were exposed to medications like quinine [64] or mefloquine [62].…”

Section: Plasmodium Falciparum and Blackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites Observed in Urine Sediments: A Rare but Convincing Truth

Siagian

2023

AJRID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: To reveal the urgency to understand and augment the recognizance of the possibility existence of parasitic materials on cytological evaluation of urine. Discussion: Urine is always contemplated as an ideal diagnostic specimen due to its direct and easiness to collect that surely non-invasive. Three common parasites that can be found in urine are Trichomonas vaginalis, Schistosoma hematobium and microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti. Other parasites and parasitic ova may also be seen in urinary sediments as a result of fecal or vaginal contamination. Urine Parasitological analysis embraces a wide expansive areas of tests, which comprise an assortment of physico-macroscopic analysis, microscopic analysis on cells and Parasite-bacterial appearance, parasite and microbe cultures, chemical tests, and even can be extended up to molecular identification. Importantly, from urine samples, a confirmed Parasitological diagnosis (and also Microbiology and other kind of disease) can be made through definite tests. Conclusion: In the context of allegation of parasite as an etiological agent, thorough morphological detection via careful sediment microscopic analysis helps in making early and correct diagnosis in most cases.

show abstract

A Report of Four Cases of Blackwater Fever after Quinine Treatment at Zinder National Hospital, Niger Republic

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Unusual clinical spectra of childhood severe malaria during malaria epidemic in eastern Uganda: a prospective study

Unusual clinical spectra of childhood severe malaria during malaria epidemic in eastern Uganda: a prospective study

Blackwater Fever in Pregnancy With Severe Falciparum Malaria: A Case of Imported Malaria From Nigeria to the United Kingdom During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Parasites Observed in Urine Sediments: A Rare but Convincing Truth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About