A Reliability-Based Network Equilibrium Model with Adaptive Risk-Averse Travelers

Abstract

In this paper, route free-flow travel time is taken as the lower bound of route travel time to examine its impacts on budget time and reliability for degradable transportation networks. A truncated probability density distribution with respect to route travel time is proposed and the corresponding travel time budget (TTB) model is derived. The budget time and reliability are compared between TTB models with and without truncated travel time distribution. Under truncated travel time distribution, the risk-averse levels of travelers are adaptive, which are affected by the characteristics of the used routes besides the confidence level of travelers. Then, a TTB-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) is developed to model travelers’ route choice behavior. Moreover, its equivalent variational inequality (VI) problem is formulated and a route-based algorithm is used to solve the proposed model. Numerical results indicate that route travel time boundary produces a great influence on decision cost and route choice behavior of travelers.

A Traffic Assignment Model Based on Link Densities

“…Note, however, that on every link the cost under the densitybased model is equal to or higher than that for the flowbased model. The relative distances that we obtain for the low congestion case are ( , ) = 0.0303, ( , ) = 0.0219 (26) These data for the two cases confirm our expectation that the results of the two approaches are similar under low congestion but differ when congestion is high. The relative difference obtained for costs and flows in both scenarios are reported in Table 9.…”

“…Both UE and SUE models typically assume a monotonically increasing relationship between cost and flow (see [25,26]). This ensures that they are practical to implement and their results are easy to analyze and interpret, but for heavily or hypercongested situations they are greatly lacking in realism.…”

A Reliability-Based Traffic Equilibrium Model with Boundedly Rational Travelers Considering Acceptable Arrival Thresholds

“…Route travel time cannot be one less than zero. In order to incorporate the effects of the lower bound on route travel time, derived the truncated probability density function (PDF) of route travel time [23]. The relationships and differences between TTB models with and without route travel time boundaries were illustrated and proved.…”

“…A truncated travel time probability density function was proposed and derived, in which the minimum travel time is the link length divided by the speed limit when imposing a speed limit. regarded the route free-flow travel time as the lower bound of route travel time and developed the truncated travel time budget model [23]. Yan et al (2015) explored the effects of speed limits on network equilibrium state and performance [24].…”