A region on bovine chromosome 15 influences beef longissimus tenderness in steers.

Keele, J. W.; Shackelford, S. D.; Kappes, S. M.; Koohmaraie, M.; Stone, R. T.

doi:10.2527/1999.7761364x

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon was observed with shear force data from a bovine Bos indicus × Bos taurus resource population (Keele et al, 1999). Furthermore, analysis of shear force on the observed scale caused a spurious shift in the most likely position of CLPG (data not tabulated).…”

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Shear force means of slaughter groups were similar within year, indicating that the environmental effect was not associated with a specific slaughter group. In contrast, under less controlled commercial slaughter conditions, Keele et al (1999) reported significant genotype × slaughter group interactions for shear force in a bovine resource population. The interaction from the current experiment was the result of an undetermined environmental effect(s) that specifically impacted shear force of the CN genotype.…”

Section: Genotype × Year Interactionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Genetic maps to draw direct comparisons between the bovine and ovine genomes have evolved dramatically in recent years (Kappes et al, 1997;de Gortari et al, 1998). Genomic regions affecting tenderness are being identified in bovine populations (Keele et al, 1999). Investigation of allelic variation at the homologous regions of the ovine genome would seem to be logical targets for study.…”

Section: Improving Tenderness Of Callipyge Lambmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the ovine callipyge locus: III. genotypic effects on meat quality traits.

Freking

Keele

Shackelford

et al. 1999

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:A resource flock of 362 F 2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge ( CLPG) genotypes (NN, NC, CN, and CC) on meat quality traits. The mutant allele is represented as C, the normal allele(s) as N, and the paternal allele of a genotype is given first. Lambs of each genotype born in 1994 and 1995 were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age. Warner-Bratzler shear force and subjective evaluation of marbling were collected during both years from longissimus. Calpastatin activity was measured on longissimus from the 1994 group, and ELISA quantification of calpastatin protein was obtained from the 1995 group. Significant additive and paternal polar overdominance effects on meat quality traits were detected. This is in contrast to previous research that detected only polar overdominance effects on slaughter and carcass traits in this population. The magnitude of genotypic effects on shear force differed significantly between years; however, additive ( P < .01), paternal polar overdominance ( P < .001), and maternal dominance ( P < .01) effects adjusted for variation in carcass weight were detected within each year. Shear force data adjusted to the mean slaughter age or carcass weight indicated that the means and variances of CN and CC genotypes were greater than values of NC and NN. Shear force values were greatest for CN and were intermediate for CC. The difference in shear force (adjusted for variation in slaughter age) between homozygous genotypes (additive effect) was supported by calpastatin activity data with 2-df F-tests of 3.66 ( P < .05) and 11.84 ( P < .001) at d 0 and 7 postmortem, respectively. Corresponding values for the paternal polar overdominance effects on calpastatin activity were 53.80 ( P < .001) and 87.43 ( P < .001). Calpastatin ELISA data ( d 0, adjusted for slaughter age) exhibited a paternal polar overdominance effect exclusively with a 2-df F-test of 57.63 ( P < .001). Additive and paternal polar overdominance effects on marbling adjusted for slaughter age had F-tests of 6.41 ( P < .01) and 93.29 ( P < .001), respectively. Consequences of increased longissimus shear force must be addressed if the advantages of CN lambs for dressing percentage and carcass composition are to be realized. Further research is needed to establish whether selection targeted at changing the background genome can mitigate the negative effects of the C allele on meat tenderness.

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Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Genotype × Year Interactionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Improving Tenderness Of Callipyge Lambmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the ovine callipyge locus: III. genotypic effects on meat quality traits.

Freking

Keele

Shackelford

et al. 1999

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Four half-sib families were developed at the US Meat Animal Research Center to detect QTL affecting economically important traits in beef cattle, and were described previously (Keele et al, 1999;Casas et al, 2000Casas et al, , 2003Casas et al, , 2004. One family was developed by using a Brahman × Hereford (BH) sire mated to Hereford, Angus, and F 1 cows from the Germplasm Evaluation Project Cycle IV to produce 288 offspring in 1994.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A putative quantitative trait locus on chromosome 20 associated with bovine pathogenic disease incidence1,2

Casas

Snowder

2008

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to detect QTL associated with the incidence of multiple pathogenic diseases in offspring from half-sib bovine families. Four F 1 sires were used to produce offspring: Brahman × Hereford (BH; n = 547), Piedmontese × Angus (PA; n = 209), Brahman × Angus (n = 176), and Belgian Blue × MARC III (n = 246). Treatment records for bovine respiratory disease, infectious keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye), and infectious pododermatitis (footrot) were available for all of the offspring from birth to slaughter. The incidences of these 3 microbial pathogenic diseases were combined into a single binary trait to represent an overall pathogenic disease incidence. Offspring diagnosed and treated for 1 or more of the previously mentioned pathogenic diseases were coded as a 1 for affected. Cattle with no treatment record were coded as 0 for healthy. A putative QTL for pathogenic disease incidence was detected in the family derived from the BH sire at the genome-wise suggestive level. This was supported by evidence, in the same chromosomal region, of a similar QTL in the family derived from the PA sire. The maximum F-statistic (F = 13.52; P = 0.0003) was located at cM 18. The support interval of the QTL spanned from cM 9 to 28. Further studies should explore this QTL by using other bovine populations to further confirm the QTL and refine the QTL support interval. Offspring inheriting the Hereford allele, in the family from the BH sire, and the Angus allele, in the family from the PA sire, were less susceptible to incidence of pathogenic diseases, when compared with those inheriting the Brahman allele and Piedmontese allele, from the BH and PA sires, respectively.

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“…Keele et al 1999). Table 9 summarises published estimates of heritability of objective measures of beef tenderness within and across breed groupings.…”

Section: Heritability Of Beef Tenderness and Palatabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and molecular genetic influences on properties of beef: a review

Burrow¹,

Moore²,

Johnston³

et al. 2001

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Abstract. The scientific literature is reviewed to identify quantitative and molecular genetic influences on quantity and quality of beef. Genetic variation between breeds is of similar magnitude to genetic variation within breeds for many economically important traits. Differences between breeds are significant and large for most carcass and beef quality attributes, including beef tenderness, although differences for sensory juiciness and flavour are of little practical importance. For traits such as beef tenderness, between-breed differences may be more easily exploited than within-breed differences, because exceptional breeds are easier to identify than exceptional animals. Effects of heterosis on carcass and beef quality attributes are relatively small (3% or less), with most effects mediated through heterotic effects on weight. Carcass composition traits (e.g. carcass weight, fat thickness and marbling) are moderately to highly heritable. Most estimates of retail beef yield percentage are highly heritable, offering good potential for within-breed selection for the trait, although a moderate to strong antagonistic relationship exists between yield and marbling. This relationship needs to be considered in within-breed selection programs for yield percentage. Early estimates of heritability of objective measures of beef tenderness (Warner Bratzler shear force values) indicated tenderness was moderately to highly heritable. Recent estimates using larger numbers of carcasses and more discriminatory methods of analysis indicate that beef tenderness is lowly heritable in Bos taurus breeds and moderately heritable in Bos indicus and Bos indicus-derived breeds. Within breeds, measures of 24-h calpastatin activity are genetically strongly correlated with shear force values but are more heritable. However, phenotypic correlations between shear force values and 24-h calpastatin activities are low. There are also inconsistencies in relationships between these measurements across breeds. Low correlations between tenderness in different muscles, low to moderate heritabilities and inconsistent variation within-and between-breeds for traits such as 24-h calpastatin activity suggest that genetic improvement in beef tenderness may be difficult. The possibility exists that significant mitochondrial genetic effects occur for some carcass and beef quality attributes. A major gene for muscular hypertrophy in cattle significantly affects carcass and beef quality characteristics. Genome-wide screening of DNA markers indicates a number of putative Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with carcass and meat quality characteristics. Published data for these QTL are summarised. Strategies to combine quantitative and molecular genetic information to maximise genetic progress are discussed.

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A region on bovine chromosome 15 influences beef longissimus tenderness in steers.

Cited by 60 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of the ovine callipyge locus: III. genotypic effects on meat quality traits.

Evaluation of the ovine callipyge locus: III. genotypic effects on meat quality traits.

A putative quantitative trait locus on chromosome 20 associated with bovine pathogenic disease incidence1,2

Quantitative and molecular genetic influences on properties of beef: a review

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