A Reevaluation of the Unusual Abdominal Musculature of Squamate Reptiles (Reptilia: Squamata)

Bhullar, Bhart‐Anjan S.

doi:10.1002/ar.20955

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Based on their position, they may be part of the musculus ( m .) obliquus internus , or of the m. transversus abdominis [ 60 , 62 ]. More muscle tissue is visible along the anterior margin of the ischia: these muscle fibres are so well preserved that the single myomeres can be easily distinguished with the naked eye (figures 3 c , d and 8 a – c ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fossil marine lizard with soft tissues from the Late Cretaceous of southern Italy

2018

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A new marine lizard showing exceptional soft tissue preservation was found in Late Cretaceous deposits of the Apulian Platform (Puglia, Italy). Primitivus manduriensis gen. et sp. nov. is not only the first evidence of the presence of dolichosaurs in a southern Italian Carbonate Platform, filling a palaeogeographic gap in the Mediterranean Tethys, but also extends the range of this group to the upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian. Our parsimony analysis recovers a monophyletic non-ophidian pythonomorph clade, including Tetrapodophis amplectus at the stem of Mosasauroidea + Dolichosauridae, which together represent the sister group of Ophidia (modern and fossil snakes). Based on Bayesian inference instead, Pythonomorpha is monophyletic, with Ophidia representing the more deeply nested clade, and the new taxon as basal to all other pythonomorphs. Primitivus displays a fairly conservative morphology in terms of both axial elongation of the trunk and limb reduction, and the coexistence of aquatic adaptations with features hinting at the retention of the ability to move on land suggests a semi-aquatic lifestyle. The exceptional preservation of mineralized muscles, portions of the integument, cartilages and gut content provides unique sources of information about this extinct group of lizards. The new specimen may represent local persistence of a relict dolichosaur population until almost the end of the Cretaceous in the Mediterranean Tethys, and demonstrates the incompleteness of our knowledge of dolichosaur temporal and spatial distributions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fossil marine lizard with soft tissues from the Late Cretaceous of southern Italy

2018

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“…The rectus abdominus , consisting of the main, ventral muscle belly and the superficial rectus abdmonius lateralis (see Bhullar, ) covers the ventral and much of the lateral aspects of the abdomen. Fibers originate from the entire cranial aspect of the pubis and they insert on the ventral aspect of the sternum, blending with fibers of the posterior portion of the pectoralis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The axial anatomy of monitor lizards (Varanidae)

Cieri

2018

Journal of Anatomy

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Because the musculoskeletal anatomy of the trunk is the framework for the behaviors of locomotion, ventilation, and body support in lepidosaurs, comparative study of trunk anatomy in this group is critical for unraveling the selective pressures leading to extant diversity in axial form and function among vertebrates. This work uses gross dissection and computed tomography to describe the muscular and skeletal anatomy of the trunk of varanid lizards (Varanidae, Anguimorpha). Gross muscle dissections were conducted to investigate the axial muscular anatomy of Varanus exanthematicus, Varanus giganteus, Varanus rosenbergi, and Varanus panoptes. Computed tomography scans of these and additional varanid lizards from the Varanus and Odatria subgenera were conducted to investigate rib and vertebral number and gross morphology. The number of vertebrae differs between species, with 27-35 presacral and 47-137 postsacral vertebrae. Although the number of floating and abdominal ribs in varanids is variable, most species examined have three to four cervical ribs and three true ribs. Attachment and insertion points of the epaxial and hypaxial musculature are detailed. The body wall has four main hypaxial layers, from superficial to deep: oliquus externus, intercostalis externi, intercostalis internii, and transversus. Varanids differ from other investigated lepidosaurs in having supracostalis dorsus brevis (epaxial) and levator costae (hypaxial), which independently connect each rib to the vertebral column. Although more basic muscle descriptions of the body wall in reptiles are needed, comparisons with the condition in the green iguana (Iguana iguana) can be made.

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“…Embora haja variação no número de camadas presentes nessa musculatura em salamandras (Brainerd & Simons 2000), o arranjo da parede latero-ventral da região abdominal dos tetrápodes é altamente conservador (Bhullar 2009).…”

Section: Bases Musculares Do Corte Aparasunclassified

“…A disposição do m. reto abdominal em C. yacare não corresponde aos achados em iguana (Bhullar 2009). Nesta, foi identificado um músculo estreito, não segmentado, que reveste parcialmente as margens laterais do m. reto abdominal, sendo o músculo mais superficial do tronco e denominado m.reto abdominal lateral.…”

Section: Bases Musculares Do Corte Aparasunclassified

Bases ósseas e musculares dos cortes comerciais do tronco de jacaré-do-Pantanal (Caimanyacare Daudin, 1802)

et al. 2015

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RESUMO.-O consumo de carne de jacaré-do-Pantanal tornou-se uma tendência de mercado e uma cadeia produtiva em ascensão no Estado de Mato Grosso, sendo 28,40% da carne comercializada nos últimos quatro anos oriundos do tronco. Estudos evolutivos, morfofisiológicos, ontogenéti-cos e tecnológicos foram desenvolvidos, mas não há descrição da musculatura e bases ósseas dos cortes comerciais. Objetivou-se descrever os músculos e correspondentes bases ósseas dos cortes filé de lombo, filé mignon e aparas. Na descrição óssea, utilizaram-se seis carcaças desossadas de exemplares juvenis de jacaré-do-Pantanal, além de um exemplar adulto, obtido por doação após óbito, do Zoológi-co da UFMT. Os ossos foram macerados em água corrente, clareados e descritos. Para a descrição muscular, 24 exemplares juvenis foram abatidos e esfolados, conservados em freezer e descongelados quando utilizados, sem qualquer fixação. Yacare Caiman meat consumption has become a marketing trend and a commodity on the rise in Mato Grosso state in Brazil. In the last four years, cuts from the trunk represented 28.40% of total meat sales. Although evolutionary studies, morphophysiological ontogenetic and technology research have been carried out, characterization of muscle and bone bases of cuts from the torso has not been previously reported. The aim of this research is to describe the muscles and corresponding bones related to sirloin, filet mignon and meat trims cuts. To describe the bones, we used six boned carcasses from juvenile Yacare Caiman, as well as an adult specimen, obtained by donation after death from the Federal University of Mato Grosso Zoo. The bones were macerated, bleached and their anatomical details recorded. In order to study the muscle, 24 juvenile specimens were obtained after slaughter and skinning and dissected on both sides. The sirloin cut consists of the semispinal, longissimus and iliocostalis muscles, which are inserted on thoracic vertebrae and ribs, as well as lumbar and sacral ribs. The meat trims cut is formed by latissimus dorsi, serratus, pectoral and abdominal (external oblique, internal oblique, transversus and rectus) muscles, based in various bones: bone ribs are the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral ribs, the gastralia, the sternum and epipúbis. The filet mignon cut is formed by the internal puboischiofemoralis cranial (sublumbar) muscle and by the troncocaudal (ventral surface of the pelvis) muscle.

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A Reevaluation of the Unusual Abdominal Musculature of Squamate Reptiles (Reptilia: Squamata)

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

A new fossil marine lizard with soft tissues from the Late Cretaceous of southern Italy

A new fossil marine lizard with soft tissues from the Late Cretaceous of southern Italy

The axial anatomy of monitor lizards (Varanidae)

Bases ósseas e musculares dos cortes comerciais do tronco de jacaré-do-Pantanal (Caimanyacare Daudin, 1802)

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