2008
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.016
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A reduced version of the horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism scale: A four-country assessment

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Cited by 191 publications
(182 citation statements)
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“…According to Sivadas et al [64], the main expressions of the cultural orientation are the individualism and collectivism constructs. As Triandis [65] argued that the individualism/collectivism construct refers to a cultural syndrome wherein individualists have an independent self-image and prioritize individual goals and preferences, whereas collectivists tend to view themselves as interdependent with other people in the society and to emphasize group goals and norms.…”
Section: Parental Values and Child Externalizing Problemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to Sivadas et al [64], the main expressions of the cultural orientation are the individualism and collectivism constructs. As Triandis [65] argued that the individualism/collectivism construct refers to a cultural syndrome wherein individualists have an independent self-image and prioritize individual goals and preferences, whereas collectivists tend to view themselves as interdependent with other people in the society and to emphasize group goals and norms.…”
Section: Parental Values and Child Externalizing Problemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Individualism and collectivism can be further divided along the vertical and horizontal dimensions, depending on the importance of values of hierarchy or equality, respectively (Sivadas, Bruvold, & Nelson, 2008). The vertical dimension captures individuals' acceptance of hierarchical relationships and differences in status among individuals, whereas the horizontal dimension refers to the acceptance of Previous research has demonstrated such values may influence political decisions.…”
Section: Social Banditry Individualism and Anonymousmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This conceptual framework results in four culture-related dimensions: (a) horizontal individualism, in which people have an independent construal of self and view others as of relatively equal status; (b) vertical individualism, in which individuals see themselves as independent and different from others, and inequity is expected; (c) horizontal collectivism, in which individuals see themselves as interdependent members of a cultural group in which everyone is presumed to be equal; and (d) vertical collectivism in which individuals are interdependent but unequal, and accept that some group members have higher status than others. These four dimensions were found and validated in a number of countries and regions such as the U.S., Korea, Hong Kong, Mainland China, Singapore, Taiwan, Argentina, Brazil, Denmark, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Lebanon, New Zealand, Peru, Saudi Arabia (Chiou, 2001;Fischer et al, 2009;Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk, & Gelfand, 1995;Sivadas, Bruvold, & Nelson, 2008;Soh & Leong, 2002;Triandis, Chen, & Chan, 1998;Triandis & Gelfand, 1998;Wang, Shi, & Huang, 2003).…”
Section: Individualism and Collectivismmentioning
confidence: 99%