A Reappraisal of the Specific Gravity Method for the Analysis of Gold Alloys

Transport Properties of Diethyl Malonate with Aniline and Benzaldehyde at 308.15 and 318.15 K

“…where U is ultrasonic velocity of pure liquid and liquid mixtures and ρ is the density of pure and mixture, k is Jacabson's constant [11,15] which is temperature dependant constant but not character …”

“…Our experimental values of densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities match very well with those reported in the literature and are presented in Table-1. Binary liquid mixtures of different compositions were prepared by mixing fixed quantity of pure liquids in air tight stoppered bottles of 50 mL capacity. Densities of pure liquids and liquid mixtures were measured by specific gravity method [10][11][12] with 10 mL relative density bottle and weighed with an exactness of ± 0.001 kg m -3 . Viscosities were determined by Oswald viscometer 10 mL capability with an accurateness of ± 0.001 cP [10][11][12].…”

“…Densities of pure liquids and liquid mixtures were measured by specific gravity method [10][11][12] with 10 mL relative density bottle and weighed with an exactness of ± 0.001 kg m -3 . Viscosities were determined by Oswald viscometer 10 mL capability with an accurateness of ± 0.001 cP [10][11][12]. From the measured values of density and flow time 't', viscosity 'η' was calculated with the relation: …”

Advances in the Hydration Dating of New Zealand Obsidian

“…) have developed an additional calibration curve demonstrating the relationship between structural water content (OH) and the density of the obsidian. Using samples of transparent obsidian from around the world the structural water contents were measured with FTIR and densities measured in heavy liquids using the procedures of Hughes & Oddy (1970). The statistical relationship between the two data arrays was then defined.…”

Unlocking the secrets of gold antiquities

“…All the analyses used for the work on the Merovingian coinage were carried out by an improved specific gravity technique in which the immersion liquid was a fluorocarbon with a density nearly twice that of water [9,10,11] -But at the same time, developments of neutron activation analysis led to the use of this technique for the nondestructive analysis of gold coins [12], In fact, this is the only other completely non-destructive technique apart from specific gravity, and, like the latter, it samples the whole coin because the whole coin is irradiated, thus eliminating errors due to corrosion effects in the alloy near the surface.…”