A Real-Time Adaptive Algorithm for Video Streaming over Multiple Wireless Access Networks

Abstract

Abstract-Video streaming is gaining popularity among mobile users. The latest mobile devices, such as smart phones and tablets, are equipped with multiple wireless network interfaces. How to efficiently and cost-effectively utilize multiple links to improve video streaming quality needs investigation. In order to maintain high video streaming quality while reducing the wireless service cost, in this paper, the optimal video streaming process with multiple links is formulated as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). The reward function is designed to consider the quality of service (QoS) requirements for video traffic, such as the startup latency, playback fluency, average playback quality, playback smoothness and wireless service cost. To solve the MDP in real time, we propose an adaptive, best-action search algorithm to obtain a sub-optimal solution. To evaluate the performance of the proposed adaptation algorithm, we implemented a testbed using the Android mobile phone and the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) codec. Experiment results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed adaptation algorithm for mobile video streaming applications, which outperforms the existing state-of-the-art adaptation algorithms.

Video Streaming over Wireless Networks using Efficient Real Time Adaptive Algorithm

“…Real time search algorithm This project proposed a Real time Adaptive algorithm to adapt the bit rate based on the band width condition of network for high quality with less buffering video streaming delivery [2]. A real-time recursive best-action search algorithm, is use to obtain a sub-optimal solution for the future steps consideration to avoid long computation time which is shown in Algorithm 1 [1]. To meet the requirement of the real-time search, an important thing is to reduce the search duration for each state to an acceptable value.…”

“…For the current state s, all the possible actions A(s) will be enumerated. The recursive reward search algorithm is invoked to obtain the reward of state s with action a by enumerating all the possible future states S' and their associated actions A'(s) [1]. Real time adaptive algorithm is more stable and adaptable in dynamic situations, emphasizing the benefit of resource aggregation in multipath network scenarios [12].…”

“…Meanwhile, with the increment of the search depth, the search time to obtain the action for a segment will be increased exponentially. Therefore, the search depth can be viewed as a trade-off between the video quality and the search time [1].…”

“…Each video will be encoded several times with different quality, bit rate and resolution. All the encoded videos will be chopped into small segments and stored on the server, which can be a typical web server [1]. These small segments will be downloaded to the browsers' cache and played by the client (browser).…”

Energy Efficient Traffic Allocation for Resource-constrained Multi-homed WSN Gateway

“…The entire transmission efficiency and quality of multi-home device can be effectively promoted by jointly utilizing multiple RATs. Literatures proposed on this field are mainly around the transmission schemes and corresponding architectures, which aim at system capacity maximization [2][3], throughput maximization [4], and QoS optimization [1], [5], etc. Multi-homed WSN gateway appears some particular characteristics, such as limited energy supply, constrained computation and memory capabilities, statistical property of WSN's traffic, etc., however, existing research barely addresses the transmission schemes for multihomed WSN gateway.…”